\Sort{
  Mode{on}
  Collation{mixed}
  SortTypeOrder{name}
  NameOrder{ascending}
}
% CL/MT Group Bibliographic Search:  Mon May 26  8:59:38 1997

% Searching for keywords "translation" in the "CL/MT" database.
% Displaying entires found in "BibTeX" format.

% A collection of 6,000 bibliographic entries in syntax, semantics and 
% computational linguistics written by members of the CL/MT Group at Essex. 

%
% converted from refer format by refer-to-bibtex 0.9.3 -- 8:59, 26 May 97
% r2b
%
@article{Fontenelle\_ea:94,
   author = {Thierry Fontenelle and Geert Adriaens and Gert De Braekeleer},
   title = {The Lexical Unit in the Metal {MT} System},
   journal = {Machine Translation},
   volume = {9},
   number = {1},
   pages = {1-19},
   year = {1994}
}
@ARTICLE{Abe86,
  author = {Masahiro Abe and Yoshimitsu Ooshima and Katsuhiko Yuura and
           Noboyuki Takeichi},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A Kana-Kanji translation system for non-segmented input sentences
          based on syntactic and semantic analysis},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {280-285}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Abe86a,
  author = {M. Abe and Y. Ooshima and K. Yuura and N. Takeichi},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A Kana-Kanji Translation System for Non-Segmented Input Sentences
          Based on Syntactic and Semantic Analysis},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {280-285},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Abeille90,
  author = {A. Abeille and Y. Schabes and A.K. Joshi},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Using Lexicalised Tags for Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {1-6},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Abramson84,
  author = {Harvey Abramson},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Definite clause translation grammars},
  booktitle = {1984 International Symposium on Logic Programming},
  pages = {233-240},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
  address = {Silver Spring, MD}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Abramson84,
  author = {Harvey Abramson},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Definite clause translation grammars},
  booktitle = {1984 International Symposium on Logic Programming},
  pages = {233-240},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
  address = {Silver Spring, MD}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Abramson85,
  author = {Harvey Abramson},
  year = 1985,
  title = {Definite clause translation grammars and the logical specification
          of data types as unambiguous context free grammars},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of an International Workshop on Natural Language
              Understanding and Logic Programming, University of Rennes}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Adriaens95,
  author = {Geert Adriaens and Lieve Macken},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Technological evaluation of a controlled language application:
          precision, recall and convergence tests for {SECC}},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {123-141},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Adshead86,
  author = {Mariam Adshead},
  year = 1986,
  title = {{TERMIUM} - the Canadian government lisguistic data bank},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {235-238}
}
@ARTICLE{Aho72,
  author = {A V Aho and J0D Ullmann},
  year = 1972,
  title = {The Theory of Parsing},
  journal = {Translation \& Compiling},
  volume = 1,
  publisher = {Prentice-Hall},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Aizawa90,
  author = {T. Aizawa and T. Ehara and N. Uratani and H. Tanaka and N. Kato
           and S. Nakase and N. Aruga and T. Matsuda},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Machine Translation System for Foreign News},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {308-310},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Akiba95,
  author = {Yasuhiro Akiba and Megumi Ishii and Hussein Almuallim and Shigeo
           Kaneda},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Learning English Verb Selection Rules from Hand-made Rules and
          Translation Examples},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {206-220},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Alam86,
  author = {Yukiko Sasaki Alam},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A lexical-functional approach to Japanese for the purpose of
          machine translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {199-000}
}
@ARTICLE{Alam86a,
  author = {Yukiko Sasaki Alam},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A lexical-functional approach to Japanese for the purpose of
          Machine Translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {199-214}
}
@ARTICLE{Albisser93,
  author = {Doris Albisser},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Evaluation of {MT} systems at Union Bank of Switzerland},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {25-28}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Allegranza91,
  author = {V. Allegranza and P. Bennett and J. Durand and F. van Eynde and L.
           Humphreys and P. Schmidt and E. Steiner},
  editor = {C. Copeland and J. Durand and S. Krauwer and B. Maegaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Linguistics for Machine Translation: The Eurotra Linguistic
          Specifications},
  booktitle = {The Eurotra Linguistic Specifications},
  series = {Studies in Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {15-124},
  publisher = {Office for Official Publications of the Commission of the
              European Community}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Allegranza91a,
  author = {V. Allegranza and P. Bennett and J. Durand and F. van Eynde and L.
           Humphreys and P. Schmidt and E. Steiner},
  editor = {C. Copeland and J. Durand and S. Krauwer and B. Maegaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Linguistics for Machine Translation: the Eurotra Linguistic
          Specifications},
  booktitle = {The Eurotra Linguistic Specifications},
  pages = {15-124},
  publisher = {CEC},
  address = {Luxembourg}
}
@ARTICLE{Allegranza91b,
  author = {Valerio Allegranza and Steven Krauwer and Erich Steiner},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Introduction},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 2,
  pages = {61-71}
}
@ARTICLE{Allegranza91c,
  author = {Valerio Allegranza and Annelise Bech},
  year = 1991,
  title = {A Treatment of Unbounded Dependencies in Eurotra with an
          Experimental Coindexation Tool},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {171-182}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Allegranza93,
  author = {Valerio Allegranza},
  editor = {Frank {Van Eynde}},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Translation fills the gaps: a new approach to unbounded
          dependencies},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {160-234},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Alonso90,
  author = {Juan Alberto Alonso},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Transfer InterStructure: Designing an 'Interlingua` for
          Transfer-based {MT} Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {189-201},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Alshawi91,
  author = {Hiyan Alshawi and David Carter and Manny Rayner and
           Bj$\backslash$:orn Gamb$\backslash$:ack},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Translation by Quasi Logical Form Transfer},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {161-168},
  publisher = {University of California},
  address = {Berkeley}
}
@ARTICLE{Amano86,
  author = {S. Amano},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The Toshiba machine translation system},
  journal = {Future Generations Computer Systems},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {121-123}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Amtrup95,
  author = {Jan W Amtrup},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Chart-based Incremental Transfer in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {188-195},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Ananiadou87,
  author = {Sophie Ananiadou},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {A brief survey of some current operational systems},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {171-191},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou87a,
  author = {Effie Ananiadou},
  editor = {Maggi King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {A brief survey of some current operational systems},
  journal = {Machine Translation today},
  pages = {171-191},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Ananiadou87b,
  author = {S. Ananiadou},
  editor = {M. King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {A brief survey of some current operational systems},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou89,
  author = {S. Ananiadou},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Machine Translation - unfulfilled promise?},
  journal = {Medium},
  volume = 9,
  number = 7,
  pages = {24-44},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou89a,
  author = {S. Ananiadou},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Di Sciullo \& Williams {\it On the Definition of Word}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {313-317}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou89b,
  author = {Sofia Ananiadou},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Anna Maria Di Sciullo and Edwin Williams {\it On the
          definition of word}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {313-317}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Ananiadou90,
  author = {Sophia Ananiadou and John McNaught},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Treatment of Compounds in a Transfer-based Machine Translation
          System},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou90a,
  author = {Effie Ananiadou},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Review of {\it On the Definition of Word} by {A}.{M}. Di Sciullo
          and {E}. Williams},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@ARTICLE{Ananiadou90b,
  author = {Effie Ananiadou},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Machine Translation - unfulfilled promise?},
  journal = {Medium},
  note = {Journal of the Rijkshogeschool voor Vertalers en Tolken},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Ananiadou90c,
  author = {S. Ananiadou and J. McNaught},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Treatment of Compounds in a Transfer-based Machine Translation
          System},
  booktitle = {Proc. 3rd International Conference on Theoretical and
              Metholodogical Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  address = {Austin},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Ananiadou90d,
  author = {S Ananiadou and J McNaught},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Treatment of Compounds in a Transfer-based Machine Translation
          System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {57-63},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Andersen86,
  author = {Poul Andersen},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Presentation of {EUROTRA}-{DK}'s {ECS} Component},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {158-173},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@ARTICLE{Andersen88,
  author = {Paul Andersen and Annelise Bech},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A strategy for solving translation relevant ambiguities in a
          multilingual machine translation system},
  journal = {Lambda},
  volume = 7,
  pages = {187-203},
  note = {conference presentation},
  publisher = {Institut for Datalingvistik, Handelshojskolen i Kobenhavn},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@MISC{Anonymous92,
  month = jun,
  year = 1992,
  title = {Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Theoretical
          and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  address = {Montreal, Canada},
  key = {Anonymous92},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@MISC{Anonymous??,
  key = {Anonymous??},
  abstract = {.ce {\it University of Essex Working Papers on Machine
             Translation}}
}
@ARTICLE{Anonymous??a,
  title = {Review of Martha Stone Palmer, $\lbrace$$\backslash$m Semantic
          Processing for Finite Domains$\rbrace$ {CUP}, Cambridge, 1990},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = {4 3},
  pages = {265-267},
  key = {Anonymous??a}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Antona93,
  author = {Margherita Antona and Jun-ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Treatment of Tense and Aspect in Translation from Italian to Greek
          - An Example of Treatment of Implicit Information in Knowledge-based
          Transfer {MT}},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {131-153},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Appelo86,
  author = {Lisette Appelo},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A compositional approach to the translation of temporal expressions
          in the Rosetta system},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {313-318}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Appelo86a,
  author = {L. Appelo},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A Compositional Approach to the Translation of Temporal Expression
          in the Rosetta System},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {313-318},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Appelo86b,
  author = {Lisette Appelo and Jan Landsbergen},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The Machine Translation System {ROSETTA}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {34-50},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Appelo87,
  author = {Lisette Appelo and Carol Fellinger and Jan Landsbergen},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Subgrammars, rule classes and control in the Rosetta translation
          system},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Third European Conference}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Appelo87a,
  author = {Lisette Appelo and Carel Fellinger and Jan Landsbergen},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Subgrammars, Rule Classes and Control in the Rosetta Translation
          System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {118-133},
  address = {University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark}
}
@ARTICLE{Arad91,
  author = {Iris Arad},
  year = {1991/92},
  title = {{BITS}, {A} Hebrew-English Bibliographic Translation System},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 4,
  pages = {247-264},
  keywords = {O}
}
@ARTICLE{Aretoulaki??,
  author = {Maria Aretoulaki},
  title = {Review of Hiyan Alshawi (ed) $\lbrace$$\backslash$m The Core
          Language Engine$\rbrace$, {MIT} Press, Cambridge {MA}., 1992},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = 4,
  pages = {343-348}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold84,
  author = {Doug J. Arnold and Rod L. Johnson},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Robust processing in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {472-475}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold84,
  author = {Doug J. Arnold and Rod L. Johnson},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Robust processing in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {472-475}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold84a,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and R.L. Johnson},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Robust processing in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {472-475},
  note = {(Also: Report CSCM-19, Cognitive Studies Centre, University of
         Essex)},
  address = {Stanford},
  keywords = {both external}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold85,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe and Lieven Jaspaert and Rod
           Johnson and Steven Krauwer and M. Rosner and Giovanni B. Varile and
           S. Warwick},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenburg},
  year = 1985,
  title = {A mu-1 view of the {CAT} framework in Eurotra},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on theoretical and methodological
              issues in machine translation of natural languages},
  pages = {1-14},
  note = {conference presentation},
  publisher = {Colgate University},
  keywords = {leuven}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold85a,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Jaspaert and R.L. Johnson and S. Krauwer and M.
           Rosner and L. des Tombe and G.B. Varile and S. Warwick},
  year = 1985,
  title = {A Mu-1 View of the $<$$<${C},{A}$>$,{T}$>$ Framework in Eurotra},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the First International Conference on
              Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {1-14},
  address = {Colgate University, New York},
  keywords = {both external}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Arnold87,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Basic theory and methodology in {EUROTRA}},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {114-135},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold87a,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Non-compositionality and translation},
  number = {no.1},
  institution = {Essex University},
  type = {working papers in language processing},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold87b,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  editor = {J. Peckham},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Non-compositionality and translation},
  journal = {Natural Language Understanding},
  pages = {23-55},
  publisher = {Kogan Page},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold87c,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe},
  editor = {S. Nirenburg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Basic theory and methodology in Eurotra},
  journal = {Machine Translation: theoretical and methodological issues},
  pages = {114-135},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  keywords = {utrecht}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold87d,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe},
  editor = {S. Nirenburg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Theory and metatheory in Eurotra},
  journal = {Machine Translation: theoretical and methodological issues},
  pages = {114-135},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold87e,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Sadler},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Non-compositionality and translation},
  number = {No.1},
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing},
  keywords = {essex wps}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Arnold87f,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. des Tombe},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenburg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Basic theory and methodology in Eurotra},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {114-135},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold87g,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  month = nov,
  year = 1987,
  title = {Non-compositionality and translation},
  number = 1,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold88,
  author = {Doug Arnold},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Sublanguages and text types},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of ASLIB Conference on Machine Translation},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold88a,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Steven Krauwer and Louisa Sadler and Louis des
           Tombe},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Relaxed compositionality in {MT}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {61-81},
  note = {conference presentation},
  publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
  address = {Pittsburgh},
  keywords = {utrecht}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold88b,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe and Steven Krauwer},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Relaxed compositionality in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  note = {conference presentation also in: Essex University Working papers in
         language processing, No5},
  publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
  address = {Pittsburgh},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold88c,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. des Tombe and S. Krauwer and L. Sadler},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Relaxed compositionality in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  note = {also in: Working Papers in Language Processing, No. 5, Dept. of
         Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
  address = {Pittsburgh},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold88d,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Steven Krauwer and Louis des Tombe and Louisa
           Sadler},
  year = 1988,
  title = {`Relaxed' COmpositionality in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {54-74},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold88e,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louis des Tombe and Steven Krauwer and Louisa
           Sadler},
  month = may,
  year = 1988,
  title = {`Relaxed' Compositionality in Machine Translation},
  number = 5,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex
                Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold89,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of ESADE Conference on Language Learning in
              Business Education},
  note = {conference presentation},
  address = {Barcelona},
  keywords = {essex}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Arnold89a,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Sadler},
  editor = {Jeremy Peckham},
  year = 1989,
  title = {(Non)-Compositionality and Translation},
  booktitle = {Recent Developments and Applications of Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {23-55},
  publisher = {Kogan Page},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold89b,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Sadler},
  editor = {Peter Silcock},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference in Language Learning and Business
              Education},
  pages = {141-154},
  publisher = {Escuela Superior de Administraci{\'o}n y Direcci{\'o}n de
              Empresas},
  address = {Barcelona},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold89c,
  author = {D.J. Arnold},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of {\it Computer Translation of Natural Language} by
          Goshawke, {W}., {I}.{D}.{K}. Kelly, and {J}.{D}. Wigg, Sigma Press,
          1987},
  journal = {AISBQ},
  number = 69,
  pages = 52,
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@BOOK{Arnold89d,
  author = {D.J. Arnold},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Theoretical and Descriptive Issues in Machine Translation},
  publisher = {PhD Thesis, University of Essex},
  address = {Colchester, UK},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold89e,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler and Ian Crookston and Andy Way},
  month = dec,
  year = 1989,
  title = {{LFG} and Translation},
  number = 9,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Arnold90,
  author = {D.J. Arnold},
  editor = {Pamela Mayorcas},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Text typology and machine translation: an overview},
  booktitle = {Translating and the Computer 10},
  pages = {73-89},
  publisher = {Aslib},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold90a,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Sadler},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The Theoretical Basis of MiMo},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  pages = {195-222},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold90b,
  author = {D.J. Arnold},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Survey of Formalisms for Machine Translation},
  type = {Report for contract ET6-2.3, Commissioned by SRI Ltd., Cambridge},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold90c,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The theoretical basis of MiMo},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 3,
  pages = {195-222}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold91,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Transfer Formalisms},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {193-200}
}
@MISC{Arnold92,
  editor = {D.J. Arnold and L.G. Sadler and R.L. Humphreys},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Machine Translation Special Issue on Evaluation Papers},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold92a,
  author = {Doug Arnold},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Reaction to Somers: Current Research in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {247-251}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Arnold92b,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Rationalism and the Treatment of Referential Dependencies},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {195-204},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold93,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Siety Meijer and Paul Bennett and Jeremy Lindop
           and Blaise Nkwenti Azeh and Harold Somers and Ralf Steinberger and
           Nancy Underwood},
  month = may,
  year = 1993,
  title = {Computational Linguistics Machine Translation Group},
  number = 036,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Eurotra Essex Internal Memorandum}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold93a,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and Dave Moffat and Louisa Sadler and Andy Way},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Automatic Test Suite Generation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {29-38}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold93b,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and R. Lee Humphreys and Louisa Sadler},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Evaluation: an Assessment},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {1-24}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold93c,
  author = {Doug Arnold},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Review of: Representation and Derivation in the Theory of Grammar
          {H} Haider and {K} Netter, eds},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = 4,
  pages = {267-272}
}
@ARTICLE{Arnold??,
  author = {D.J. Arnold and L. Sadler},
  year = {forthcoming},
  title = {Transfer Formalisms},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  note = {(Working Papers in Language Processing 7, {\it Some Formal Issues in
         Transfer}, Department of Language and Linguistics, University of
         Essex, July, l989)},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@TECHREPORT{Arnold??a,
  author = {Doug Arnold and Michael Grabski},
  year = {March l990},
  title = {Proposal for Research on Translation Theory for Machine Translation},
  number = 024,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Eurotra-Essex Internal Memorandum}
}
@BOOK{Ashman86,
  author = {B. Ashman},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Knowledge-based approaches to machine translation},
  note = {CCL/UMIST Report 86/7},
  publisher = {PhD Thesis, UMIST},
  address = {Manchester},
  keywords = {umist wps}
}
@ARTICLE{Azeh89,
  author = {Blaise Nkwenti Azeh},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of the {DANLEX} group {\it Descriptive tools for electronic
          processing of dictionary data: studies in computational
          lexicography}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {303-306}
}
@ARTICLE{Azeh91,
  author = {Blaise Nkwenti Azeh},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: Studies in Computer-Aided Lexicology},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {229-234}
}
@ARTICLE{Bachut84,
  author = {Daniel Bachut and Nelson Verastegui},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Software tools for the environment of a computer aided translation
          system},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {330-333}
}
@ARTICLE{Bachut84,
  author = {Daniel Bachut and Nelson Verastegui},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Software tools for the environment of a computer aided translation
          system},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {330-333}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Badia93,
  author = {Toni Badia},
  editor = {Frank {Van Eynde}},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Dependency and Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Issues in Machine Translation},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London}
}
@ARTICLE{Balari89,
  author = {Sergio Balari and N{\'u}ria Bel and Elizabeth Gilboy},
  editor = {S. Busemann and Christa Hauenschild and C. Umbach},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Unbounded dependencies in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Views of the syntax/semantics interface},
  pages = {1-16},
  note = {conference presentation Text of the paper read at the Workshop on
         GPSG and Semantics, Technical University of Berlin, February 1989},
  publisher = {Technical University of Berlin},
  address = {Berlin},
  keywords = {barcelona}
}
@TECHREPORT{Balkan91,
  author = {Lorna Balkan},
  month = oct,
  year = 1991,
  title = {Knowledge for {MT} from a General Translation Theory Perspective},
  number = 30,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@TECHREPORT{Balkan??,
  author = {L. Balkan},
  year = {l990},
  title = {Translation Tools},
  number = 015,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Eurotra-Essex Internal Memorandum},
  keywords = {essex ims}
}
@TECHREPORT{Balkan??a,
  author = {Lorna Balkan},
  year = {June l990},
  title = {Translation Tools},
  number = 015,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Eurotra-Essex Internal Memorandum}
}
@ARTICLE{Barnes87,
  author = {Janet Barnes},
  year = 1987,
  title = {A user perspective on computer-assisted translation for minority
          languages},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 3,
  pages = {131-134}
}
@ARTICLE{Baron86,
  author = {Naomi S. Baron},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Language, sublanguage, and the promise of machine translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 1,
  pages = {3-20}
}
@ARTICLE{Baron86a,
  author = {Naomi S. Baron},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Language, sublanguage, and the promise of Machine Translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 1,
  pages = {3-19}
}
@ARTICLE{Basili93,
  author = {Roberto Basili and Maria Teresa Pazienza and Paola Velardi},
  year = 1993,
  title = {What Can be Learned from Raw Texts?},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = 3,
  pages = {147-174}
}
@ARTICLE{Basili93a,
  author = {Roberto Basili and Maria Teresa Pazienza and Paola Velardi},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Acquisition of Selectional Patterns in Sub-languages},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = 3,
  pages = {175-202}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bateman89,
  author = {John A Bateman and Robert T Kasper and Jorg F L Schutz and Erich H
           Steiner},
  year = 1989,
  title = {A New View on the Process of Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {282-290},
  address = {University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology,
            Manchester, UK}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bateman90,
  author = {J.A. Bateman},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Translation and Grammatical Metaphor},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {13-18},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@ARTICLE{Bateman92,
  author = {John A Bateman},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Towards Meaning-Based Machine Translation: Using Abstractions from
          Text Generation for Preserving Meaning},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {5-40}
}
@ARTICLE{Beaven88,
  author = {J. L. Beaven and P. Whitelock},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine Translation using isomorphic {UCG}'s},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {32-35},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Beaven88a,
  author = {J.L. Beaven and P. Whitelock},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine translation using isomorphic UCGs},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {32-35},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@ARTICLE{Beaven88b,
  author = {John L. Beaven and Pete Whitelock},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine translation using isomorphic UCGs},
  journal = {Coling},
  pages = {32-35},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Beaven92,
  author = {John L Beaven},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Shake-and-Bake Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {602-609},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Bech91,
  author = {A. Bech},
  editor = {C. Copeland and J. Durand and S. Krauwer and B. Maegaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Description of the Eurotra Framework},
  booktitle = {The Eurotra Formal Specifications},
  series = {Studies in Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {7-40},
  publisher = {Office for Official Publications of the Commission of the
              European Community}
}
@ARTICLE{Bech91a,
  author = {Annelise Bech and Bente Maegaard and Anders Nygaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {The Eurotra {MT} Formalism},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 2,
  pages = {83-101},
  keywords = {O}
}
@ARTICLE{Bemova88,
  author = {A. B{\'e}mov{\'a} and K. Oliva and J. Panevov{\'a}},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Some problems of machine translation between closely related
          languages},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {46-48},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bemova88a,
  author = {A. Bemova and K. Oliva and J. Panevova},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Some problems of machine translation between closely related
          languages},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {46-48},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Ben-Ari88,
  author = {Danit Ben-Ari and Daniel M Berry and Mori Rimon},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Translational Ambiguity Rephrased},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {175-183},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Bennet93,
  author = {Paul Bennet},
  editor = {Frank {Van Eynde}},
  year = 1993,
  title = {The interaction of syntax and morphology in machine translation},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {72-104},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett87,
  author = {W.S. Bennett},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Review of Richard {W}. Balfour {\it Machine translation: a
          technology assessment}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 3,
  pages = {191-192}
}
@TECHREPORT{Bennett88,
  author = {Paul Bennett},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The treatment of causatives in a multilingual Machine Translation
          system},
  number = {88/11},
  institution = {CCL-UMIST},
  type = {report no.},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@TECHREPORT{Bennett88a,
  author = {P. Bennett},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The Treatment of Causatives in a Multilingual Machine Translation
          System},
  number = {88/11},
  address = {Manchester},
  type = {CCL/UMIST Report},
  keywords = {umist wps}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett88b,
  author = {Paul Bennett},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of Frans Plank (ed) f$\backslash$IObjects: towards a theory
          of grammatical relationsf$\backslash${P}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {256-257}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bennett88c,
  author = {Winfield S Bennett},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Methodological Considerations in the {METAL} Project},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {237-244},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett89,
  author = {Paul Bennett},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of {\it Objects: Towards a Theory of Grammatical Relations}
          by {F}. Plank (ed.)},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3-4},
  keywords = {manchester review}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett89a,
  author = {Paul Bennett},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of {\it Passive and Voice} (Typological Studies in Language
          16) by Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.)},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 2,
  pages = {169-170},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett89b,
  author = {Paul Bennett},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Masayoshi Shibatani {\it Passive and voice (typological
          studies in language 16)}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 2,
  pages = {169-170}
}
@ARTICLE{Bennett89c,
  author = {Winfield S. Bennett and Tanya Herlick and Katherine Hoyt and
           Joseph Liro and Ana Santisteban},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Toward a computational model of aspect and verb semantics},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {247-280}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bennett90,
  author = {Winfield S. Bennett},
  year = 1990,
  title = {How Much Semantics is Necessary for {MT} Systems?},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@TECHREPORT{Bennett90a,
  author = {P. Bennett},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Canonical Form, Linguistic Diversity and Machine Translation},
  number = {90/13},
  type = {CCL-UMIST report},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bennett90b,
  author = {Winfield S Bennett},
  year = 1990,
  title = {How Much Semantics is Necessary for {MT} Systems?},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {261-270},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Bergler??,
  author = {Sabine Bergler},
  year = {94/95},
  title = {Generative Lexicon Principles for Machine Translation: {A} Case for
          Meta-Lexical Structure},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = {3-4},
  pages = {155-182}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Biewer86,
  author = {Axel Biewer and Christian Feneyrol and Johannes Ritzke and Erwin
           Stegentritt},
  year = 1986,
  title = {{ASCOF} - {A} Modular Multilevel System for French-German
          Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {267-281},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@ARTICLE{Bilange92,
  author = {Eric Bilange and Jean-Marie Lancel and Miyo Otani},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Utterance Generation Using Conceptual Representations},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {41-60}
}
@ARTICLE{Black91,
  author = {Bill Black},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: Mathematical Methods in Linguistics (Barbara {H} Partee,
          Alice ter Meulen and Robert {E} Wall) and Truth, Deduction, and
          Computation: Logic and Semantics for Computer Science (Ruth {E}
          Davies)},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {236-237}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Blbackslashase92,
  author = {Brigitte Bl$\backslash$:aser and Angelica Storrer and Ulrike
           Schwall},
  year = 1992,
  title = {A Reusable Lexical Database Tool for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {510-516},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bobrow90,
  author = {Robert J Bobrow and Philip Resnik and Ralph M Weischedel},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Multiple Underlying Systems: Translating User Requests into
          Programs to Produce Answers},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {227-234},
  address = {University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Boggs86,
  author = {R.R. Boggs},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Review of Yong Liang {\it Untersuchungen zur deutschen fachsprache
          der elektronischen datenverarbeitung}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {271-272}
}
@ARTICLE{Boguraev82,
  author = {Branimir K. Boguraev and Karen Sparck-Jones},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Steps towards natural language to data language translation using
          general semantic information},
  journal = {ECAI-82},
  pages = {232-233}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet80,
  author = {Christian Boitet and P. Chatelin and P. Daun Fraga},
  year = 1980,
  title = {Present and future paradigms in the automatized translation of
          natural languages},
  journal = {COLING-80},
  pages = {430-436}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet81,
  author = {Christian Boitet and Nikolai Nedobejkine},
  year = 1981,
  title = {Recent developments in Russian-French machine translation at
          Grenoble},
  journal = {Linguistics},
  volume = 19,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {199-271}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet81a,
  author = {Christian Boitet and Nikolai Nedobejkine},
  year = 1981,
  title = {Recent Developments in Russian-French Machine Translation at
          Grenoble},
  journal = {Linguistics},
  number = 19,
  pages = {199-271},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet82,
  author = {Christian Boitet and P. Guillaume and M. Quezel-Ambrunaz},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Implementation and conversational environment of {ARIANE} 78.4: an
          integrated system for automated translation and human revision},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {19-27}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet86,
  author = {Christian Boitet},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The French national {MT} project: technical organization and
          translation results of {CALLIOPE}-{AERO}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {239-000}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Boitet87,
  author = {Christian Boitet},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Research and development on {MT} and related techniques at Grenoble
          University ({GETA})},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {133-153},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Boitet88,
  author = {Christian Boitet},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Bernard {VAUQUOIS}' Contribution to the Theory and Practice of
          Building {MT} Systems: {A} Historical Perspective},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {273-290},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet??,
  author = {Christian Boitet},
  year = {l986},
  title = {The French national {MT}-project: technical organization and
          translation results of {CALLIOPE}-{AERO}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {239-267}
}
@ARTICLE{Boitet??a,
  author = {Christian Boitet and Herve Blanchon},
  year = {94/95},
  title = {Multilingual Dialogue-Based {MT} for Monolingual Authors: the
          {LIDIA} Project and a First Mockup},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = 2,
  pages = {99-132}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bond95,
  author = {Francis Bond and Kentaro Ogura and Tsukasa Kawaoka},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Noun Phrase Reference in Japanese to English Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {1-14},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Bond96,
  author = {Francis Bond and Kentaro Ogura and Satoru Ikehara},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Classifiers in Japanese-to-English Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-96: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {125-130},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Bosted82,
  author = {A.D Bosted},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Quality control procedures in modification of the Air Force
          Russian-English {MT} system},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {129-133},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Bourbeau92,
  author = {Laurent R Bourbeau},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Current {MT} Research Orientation/Disorientation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
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           F. Jelinek and R. Mercer and P. Roossin},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A statistical approach to language translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
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  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
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              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {221-236},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
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}
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@ARTICLE{Brown90,
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  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
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  address = {Montreal, Canada}
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  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
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  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
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              Computational Linguistics},
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  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
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          Dynamic Strategies, and Idioms in Mind},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990
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  pages = {1-18},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)Published as Third International
         Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine
         Translation 11-13 June 1990 Computational Linguistics, volume 15,
         number 1},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas},
  keywords = {chart parsing, unification, idiom recognition, Italian}
}
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  year = 1990,
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {279-286},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Calder??,
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}
@ARTICLE{Camilleri89,
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  keywords = {O}
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          by an Industrial User},
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  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
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  pages = {65-73},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
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@ARTICLE{Dimarco94,
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  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
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  volume = {II},
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  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {302-311},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
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              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
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  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
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@ARTICLE{Dorr87,
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  year = 1987,
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@ARTICLE{Dorr87b,
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  year = 1987,
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@ARTICLE{Dorr87d,
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  year = 1987,
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  journal = {AI Memo},
  number = 998,
  publisher = {MIT},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr88,
  author = {Bonnie J. Dorr},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A lexical conceptual approach to generation for machine translation},
  journal = {A.I. Memo},
  number = 1015,
  pages = {0-21}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr88a,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A Lexical Conceptual Approach to Generation for Machine Translation},
  journal = {AI Memo},
  number = 1015,
  publisher = {MIT},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Dorr90,
  author = {Bonnie Dorr},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Solving Thematic Divergences in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {127-134},
  address = {University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Dorr90b,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Cross-Linguistic Approach to Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {13-32},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Dorr92,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = 1992,
  title = {A Parameterized Approach to Integrating Aspect with
          Lexical-Semantics for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {257-264},
  publisher = {University of Delaware},
  address = {Newark}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Dorr92a,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Parameterization of the Interlingua in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {624-630},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr92b,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {The Use of Lexical Semantics in Interlingual Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 3,
  pages = {135-193}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr94,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr},
  year = 1994,
  title = {Machine Translation Divergences: {A} Formal Description and
          Proposed Solution},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 20,
  number = 4,
  pages = {597-633}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr??,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr and Judith Klavans},
  year = {94/95},
  title = {Introduction},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = {3-4},
  pages = {151-153}
}
@ARTICLE{Dorr??a,
  author = {Bonnie J Dorr and Joseph Garman and Amy Weinberg},
  year = {94/95},
  title = {From Syntactic Encodings to Thematic Roles: Building Lexical
          Entries for Interlingual {MT}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = {3-4},
  pages = {221-250}
}
@ARTICLE{Dunbar88,
  author = {George Dunbar},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of {J}.{M}. Sinclair (ed) {\it Looking up: An account of the
          {COBUILD} project in lexical computing and the development of the
          Collins {COBUILD} English language dictionary}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 4,
  pages = {263-266}
}
@ARTICLE{Dunbar89,
  author = {George Dunbar},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Karl Hyldgaard-Jensen and Arne Zettersten (eds.)
          {\it Symposium on lexicography {III}: proceedings of the third
          international symposium on lexicography}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {307-312}
}
@ARTICLE{Dunbar91,
  author = {George Dunbar},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: Lexical Representation and Process, William
          Marslen-Wilson},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {235-236}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand,
  author = {Jacques Durand et al.},
  year = {forthcoming},
  title = {Linguistics for Machine Translation},
  series = {Eurotra Papers in Machine Translation and Natural Language
           Processing},
  journal = {The Eurotra linguistic specifications}
}
@BOOK{Durand80,
  author = {Jacques Durand and D. Boulonnais $<$translators$>$},
  year = 1980,
  title = {La s{\'e}mantique linguistique},
  pages = 526,
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  publisher = {Larousse},
  address = {Paris}
}
@BOOK{Durand89,
  editor = {Jacques Durand},
  year = {1989-},
  series = {Eurotra Papers in Machine Translation and Natural Language
           Processing},
  publisher = {Commission of the European Communities},
  address = {Luxembourg}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand90,
  author = {Jacques Durand and Paul Bennett and Valerio Allegranza and Frank
           van Eynde and Lee Humphreys and Paul Schmidt and Erich Steiner},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The Eurotra linguistic specificatons: an overview},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  keywords = {leuven}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand91,
  author = {Jacques Durand and Paul Bennett and Valerio Allegranza and Frank
           Van Eynde and Lee Humphreys and Paul Schmidt and Erich Steiner},
  year = 1991,
  title = {The Eurotra Linguistic Specifications: An Overview},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 2,
  pages = {103-147},
  keywords = {O}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Durand93,
  author = {Jacques Durand},
  editor = {Frank {Van Eynde}},
  year = 1993,
  title = {On the translation of prepositions in multilingual {MT}},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {138-159},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand??,
  editor = {Jacques Durand and D. Robinson},
  title = {La linguistigue en Grand-Bretagne dans les ann{\'e}es soixante},
  journal = {Langages},
  volume = 34,
  note = {Selection, translation and presentation of a series of articles by
         leading British linguists},
  publisher = {Larousse},
  address = {Paris:}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand??a,
  author = {J. Durand and P. Bennett and V. Allegranza and F. van Eynde and L.
           Humphreys and P. Schmidt and E. Steiner},
  year = {Forthcoming},
  title = {The Eurotra linguistic specificatons: an overview},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  keywords = {both external}
}
@ARTICLE{Durand??b,
  author = {Jacques Durand et al.},
  year = {forthcoming},
  title = {The Eurotra linguistic specifications: An overview},
  journal = {Machine Translation}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Dymetman88,
  author = {Marc Dymetman and Pierre Isabelle},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Reversible Logic Grammars for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {149-164},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Dyson87,
  author = {Mary C. Dyson and Jean Hannah},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Toward a Methodology for the Evaluation of Machine-Assisted
          Translation Systems},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  pages = {163-176},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@ARTICLE{Dyson87a,
  author = {Mary C. Dyson and Jean Hannah},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Toward a methodology for the evaluation of machine-assisted
          translation systems},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 3,
  pages = {163-176}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Eberle92,
  author = {Kurt Eberle and Walter Kasper and Christian Rohrer},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Contextual Constraints for {MT}},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {213-224},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Echizen-ya96,
  author = {Hiroshi Echizen-ya and Kenji Araki and Toshio Momouchi and Koji
           Tochinai},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Machine Translation Method Using Inductive Learning with Genetic
          Algorithms},
  booktitle = {COLING-96: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {1020-1023},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
@ARTICLE{Eckert88,
  author = {Ursula Eckert and U. Heid},
  editor = {Erich Steiner and Paul Schmidt and Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Semantic relations in {EUROTRA}-{D} and syntactic functions in
          {LFG}: a comparison in the context of lexical transfer in Machine
          Translation},
  journal = {From syntax to semantics},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@ARTICLE{Eijk89,
  author = {P. van der Eijk},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Linguistic analysis in the MiMo translation system},
  journal = {Working Papers in Natural Language Processing No 3},
  pages = {15-30},
  note = {also in: Haan, G. de; W. Zonneveld (eds.) Formal Parameters of
         Generative Grammar, 4th. Yearbook 1988},
  address = {Dordrecht},
  keywords = {utrecht}
}
@ARTICLE{Embleton86,
  author = {R.S. Embleton},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Review of Istvan Batori and Heinz {J}. Weber, eds. {\it Neue
          ans{\"a}tze in maschineller sprach{\"u}bersetzung}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {269-271}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Emele86,
  author = {Martin Emele and Walter Kehl and Dietmar Rosner},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Extended Demonstration of {SEMSYN}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {65-78},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@ARTICLE{Emele92,
  author = {Martin Emele and Ulrich Heid and Stefan Momma and Remi Zajac},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Interations between Linguistic Constraints: Procedural vs.
          Declarative Approaches},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {61-98}
}
@ARTICLE{Ephratt88,
  author = {Michal Ephratt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Semantic properties of the root-pattern array},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {215-236}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Estival90,
  author = {Dominique Estival and Afzal Ballim and Graham Russell and Susan
           Warwick},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Syntax and Semantics for Feature-Structure Transfer},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Estival90a,
  author = {Dominique Estival and Afzal Ballim and Graham Russell and Susan
           Warwick},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Syntax and Semantics for Feature-Structure Transfer},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {131-143},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Estival90b,
  author = {D. Estival et al},
  year = 1990,
  title = {An Environment for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {385-387},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
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  author = {Frank van Eynde and Louis des Tombe and Fons Maes},
  year = 1985,
  title = {The specification of time meaning for machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Second European Conference},
  pages = {35-40}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Eynde85a,
  author = {Frank van Eynde and Louis des Tombe and F. Maes},
  year = 1985,
  title = {The specification of time meaning for machine translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Conference of the European ACL},
  pages = {35-40},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {utrecht}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Eynde85b,
  author = {Frank van Eynde and Louis des Tombe and F. Maes},
  year = 1985,
  title = {The specification of time meaning for machine translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Conference of the European ACL},
  pages = {35-40},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {leuven}
}
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  author = {Karel van den Eynde and Erik Broeders and Carmen Eggermont and
           Ludo Vangilbergen},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The pronominal approach in {NLP}: a pronominal feature analysis of
          coordination in French},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {177-213},
  keywords = {leuven}
}
@ARTICLE{Eynde88a,
  author = {K. Van Den Eynde and E. Broeders and C. Eggermont and L.
           Vangilbertgen},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The pronominal approach in {NLP}: a pronominal feature analysis of
          coordination in French},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {177-213}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Eynde95,
  author = {Frank Van Eynde},
  year = 1995,
  title = {A Sign-Based Approach to the Translation of Temporal Expressions},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {67-86},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Fabricz86,
  author = {K{\'a}roly F{\'a}bricz},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Particle homonymy and machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {59-61}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Fabricz86a,
  author = {K. F{\'a}bricz},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Particle Homonymy and Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {59-61},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@TECHREPORT{Falkedal89,
  author = {K. Falkedal},
  year = 1989,
  title = {A Brief Survey of Some Existing Methods for Evaluating Machine
          Translation Systems},
  address = {Geneva},
  institution = {Suissetra},
  type = {Interim Report},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Falkedal90,
  author = {K. Falkedal and M. King},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Using Test Suites in Evaluation of Machine Translation Systems},
  booktitle = {13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {211-216},
  address = {Helsinki},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@TECHREPORT{Falkedal??,
  author = {K. Falkedal},
  year = {undated},
  title = {Evaluation Methods for Machine Translation Systems: An Historical
          Survey and {A} Critical Account},
  address = {Geneva},
  institution = {ISSCO},
  type = {Mimeo},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Farwell92,
  author = {David L Farwell},
  year = 1992,
  title = {In Defence of Rationalist Approaches to {MT} Research},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {185-193},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@ARTICLE{Farwell93,
  author = {David Farwell and Louisa Guthrie and Yorick Wilks},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Automatically Creating Lexical Entries for {ULTRA}, a Multilingual
          {MT} System},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = 3,
  pages = {127-146}
}
@ARTICLE{Fedder88,
  author = {Lee Fedder},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of Gerard Kempen (ed) {\it Natural language generation: new
          results in articial intelligence, psychology and linguistics}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 4,
  pages = {267-271}
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@INPROCEEDINGS{Filgueiras94,
  author = {Miguel Filgueiras},
  year = 1994,
  title = {A Successful Case of Computer Aided Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {91-94},
  note = {Published as Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Applied Natural
         Language Processing, number 4},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  address = {University of Stuttgart}
}
@ARTICLE{Flank93,
  author = {Sharon Flank and Aaron Temin and Hatte Blejer and Andrew Kehler
           and Sherman Greenstein},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Module level testing for Natural Language Understanding},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {39-48}
}
@ARTICLE{Fraser90,
  author = {Norman M. Fraser},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Review of Gerald Gazdar and Chris Mellish {\it Natural language
          processing in {PROLOG}: and introduction to computational
          linguistics}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 3,
  pages = {256-257}
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@ARTICLE{Frederking88,
  author = {Robert E. Frederking},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of Lucy {A}. Suchman {\it Plans and situated actions: the
          problem of human machine communication}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 4,
  pages = {271-273}
}
@ARTICLE{Frense??,
  author = {Jutta Frense},
  title = {Review of Hooshand Mehrjerdian $\lbrace$$\backslash$m Automatische
          Ubersetzung englisher Fachtexte ins Perische$\rbrace$, Max Niemeyer
          Verlag, {T}$\backslash$"$\lbrace$u$\rbrace$bingen, 1993},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = 3,
  pages = {259-264}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Fung95,
  author = {Pascale Fung and Dekai Wu},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Coered Markov Models for Cross-Lingual Lexical-Tag Relations},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {240-255},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Furuse92,
  author = {Osamu Furuse and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1992,
  title = {An Example-Based Method for Transfer-Driven Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {139-150},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Furuse96,
  author = {Osamu Furuse and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Incremental Translation Utilizing Constituent Boundary Patterns},
  booktitle = {COLING-96: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {412-417},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Gale92,
  author = {William A Gale and Kenneth W Church and David Yarowsky},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Using Bilingual Materials to Develop Word Sense Disambiguation
          Methods},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {101-112},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@BOOK{Gamkrelidze84,
  author = {T.V. Gamkrelidze and V.V. Ivanov},
  year = 1984,
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         Indo-Europeans$\rbrace$ is forthcoming in Mouton},
  publisher = {Izdatelstvo Tbilisskogo Universiteta},
  address = {Tbilisi}
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@ARTICLE{Gates89,
  author = {Donna Gates and Koichi Takeda and Teruko Mitamura and Lori Levin
           and Marion Kee},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Analysis and generation grammars},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 1,
  pages = {53-66}
}
@ARTICLE{Gates89a,
  author = {Donna Gates and Dawn Haberlach and Todd Kaufmann and Marion Kee
           and Rita McCardell and Teruko Mitamura and Ira Monarch and Stephen
           Morrisson and Sergei Nirenburg and Nyberg, 3rd, Eric and Koichi
           Takeda and Margalit Zabludowski},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Lexicons},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 1,
  pages = {67-112}
}
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  author = {B. Gawronska-Werngren},
  year = 1990,
  title = {"Translation great problem"},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {133-138},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
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  author = {Zelal
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           and Kemal Oflazer},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Parsing Turkish Using the Lexical Functional Grammar Formalism},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
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  number = 4,
  pages = {293-319}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Gdaniec95,
  author = {Claudia Gdaniec and Patricia Schmid},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Constituent Shifts in the Logos English-German System},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {311-318},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Gebruers88,
  author = {Rudi Gebruers},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of {J}. {E}. Miller {\it Semantics and syntax: parallels and
          connections}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 2,
  pages = {157-161}
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@ARTICLE{Gebruers89,
  author = {Rudi Gebruers},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Erich Steiner, Paul Schmidt and Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt
          (eds){\it From syntax to semantics: insights from Machine
          Translation}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 3,
  pages = {233-238}
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@ARTICLE{Gebruers90,
  author = {Rudi Gebruers},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Review of Dan Maxwell and Klaus Schubert (eds.) {\it Metataxis in
          practice: dependency syntax for multilingual Machine Translation}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 3,
  pages = {249-255}
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@TECHREPORT{Gervais80,
  author = {Antoni Gervais},
  year = 1980,
  address = {Ottawa},
  institution = {Secretary of State},
  type = {Evaluation of the TAUM-AVIATION Machine Translation Pilot System},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{given90,
  author = {(No author given)},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Semantic Disambiguation for {PP}-Attachment},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {271-277},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Golan88,
  author = {I. Golan and S. Lappin and M. Rimon},
  year = 1988,
  title = {An active bilingual lexicon for machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {205-211},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Golan88a,
  author = {I. Golan and S. Lappin and M. Rimon},
  year = 1988,
  title = {An active bilingual lexicon for machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {205-211},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@BOOK{Goshawke87,
  author = {W. Goshawke and I.D.K. Kelly and J.D. Wigg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Computer Translation of Natural Language},
  publisher = {Sigma Press},
  address = {Wilmslow, UK}
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@BOOK{Goshawke87,
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  pages = {33-45},
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@INCOLLECTION{Grimaila92,
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  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Made to measure solutions},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {33-45},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
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  year = 1992,
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          Translation},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {263-274},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
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  year = 1992,
  title = {Limitations of computers as translation tools},
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  pages = {96-130},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Gross92,
  author = {Alex Gross},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Limitations of computers as translation tools},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {96-130},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
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  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
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          Grenoble University ({GETA})},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {278-318},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Hacken91,
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}
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  year = 1992,
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          Discourse Structure and Including Discourse Development in the
          Determination of Translation Equivalents},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {205-212},
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}
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  year = 1986,
  title = {Linguistic research and software test systems for Machine
          Translation},
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}
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  author = {Johann Haller and Heinz-Dieter Maas},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Linguistic Research and Software Test Systems for Machine
          Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {174-196},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
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  year = 1977,
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}
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  author = {Kenji Hanakata and A. Lesniewski and Shoichi Yokoyama},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Semantic based generation of Japanese German translation system},
  journal = {COLING-86},
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  year = 1986,
  title = {Semantic based generation of Japanese German translation system},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
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  address = {Bonn}
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
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  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
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  year = 1986,
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              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {210-226},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
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              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
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}
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  year = 1990,
  title = {Semantic Cooccurrence Networks},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
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  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
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  pages = {243-246}
}
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  year = 1984,
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  year = 1985,
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  year = 1986,
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              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
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  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
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          system},
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  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
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  year = 1990,
  title = {Translation Tool for the Target Language Inexpert},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {364-367},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
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  author = {Xiuming Huang},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Machine Translation in a Monolingual Environment},
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              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {33-41},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
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  pages = {247-248}
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  author = {R Lee Humphreys},
  month = feb,
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  title = {Is Machine Translation actually Translation?},
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  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
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  year = 1982,
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  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
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  author = {W. John Hutchins},
  year = 1986,
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@BOOK{Hutchins86,
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  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future},
  publisher = {Ellis Horwood/Wiley},
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}
@BOOK{Hutchins86a,
  author = {W. John Hutchins},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future},
  publisher = {Ellis Horwood/Wiley},
  address = {Chichester/New York}
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@BOOK{Hutchins86b,
  author = {W J Hutchins},
  year = 1986,
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  publisher = {Ellis Horwood},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
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@BOOK{Hutchins92,
  author = {W J Hutchins and H L Somers},
  year = 1992,
  title = {An Introduction to Machine Translation},
  publisher = {Academic Press}
}
@BOOK{Hutchins92a,
  author = {W J Hutchins and H L Somers},
  year = 1992,
  title = {An Introduction to Machine Translation},
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  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
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  author = {John Hutchins},
  year = {1992/93},
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  year = 1984,
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          to machine translation},
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  pages = {154-158}
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@ARTICLE{Iida84,
  author = {Hitoshi Iida and Kentaro Ogura and Hirosato Nomura},
  year = 1984,
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          to machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {154-158}
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  author = {Hitoshi Iida and Eiichiro Sumita and Osamu Furuse},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Spoken-Language Translation Method Using Examples},
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              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {1074-1077},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
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  author = {Pierre Isabelle},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation at the {TAUM} group},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {247-277},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@ARTICLE{Isabelle88,
  author = {P. Isabelle and M. Dymetman and E. Macklovitch},
  year = 1988,
  title = {{CRITTER}: a translation system for agricultural market reports},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {261-266},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Isabelle88a,
  author = {P. Isabelle and M. Dymetman and E. Macklovitch},
  year = 1988,
  title = {{CRITTER}: a translation system for agricultural market reports},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {261-266},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@ARTICLE{Isabelle88b,
  author = {Pierre Isabelle and Marc Dymetman and Elliott Macklovitch},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Critter: a translation system for agricultural market reports},
  journal = {Coling},
  pages = {261-266},
  address = {Budapest}
}
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  author = {Pierre Isabelle},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Current Research in Machine Translation: {A} Reply to Somers},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {265-272}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Isabelle93,
  author = {Pierre Isabelle and Marc Dymetman and George Foster and Jean-Marc
           Jutras and Elliot Machkovitch and Francois Perrault and Xiaobo Ren
           and Michel Simard},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Translation Analysis and Translation Automation},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {201-217},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
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@INPROCEEDINGS{Ishikawa92,
  author = {Masahiko Ishikawa and Ryoichi Sugimura},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Natural Language Analysis Using a Network Model - Modification
          Deciding Network -},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {55-66},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
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  year = 1990,
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  pages = {376-378},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
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  year = 1986,
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  pages = {129-133}
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  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation and software tools},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {154-167},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
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@INCOLLECTION{Johnson87a,
  author = {Rod L. Johnson},
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           L. Johnson and Paul Bennett},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation},
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  pages = {257-285},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  address = {London}
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@INCOLLECTION{Johnson87b,
  author = {Rod L. Johnson and Peter Whitelock},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation as an expert task},
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  pages = {136-144},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
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@INCOLLECTION{Johnson87c,
  author = {R.L. Johnson and M. Rosner},
  editor = {M. King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation and Software Tools},
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  pages = {154-170},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Johnson88,
  author = {Heidi M Johnson and Yukiko Sekine and John S White and Gil C Kim},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Application of Natural Language Interface to a Machine Translation
          Problem},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {245-259},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Johnson91,
  author = {David E Johnson and Hideo Watanabe},
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  title = {Relational-Grammar-Based Generation in the {JETS} Japanese-English
          Machine Translation System},
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  pages = {1-20}
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@ARTICLE{Jones88,
  author = {Danny Jones},
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          to Japanese techno-economic information}},
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  number = 4,
  pages = {274-283}
}
@ARTICLE{Jones89,
  author = {Danny Jones},
  year = 1989,
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          the mental lexicon}},
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  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {299-302}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Jones90,
  author = {Dan Jones and Jun-ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Interactive High Quality Translation for Monolinguals},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Jones90a,
  author = {D Jones and J Tsujii},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Interactive High-Quality Machine Translation for Monolinguals},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {43-46},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Jones92,
  author = {Daniel Jones},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Non-hybrid Example-based Machine Translation Architectures},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {163-171},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Jong87,
  author = {Franciska de Jong and Lisette Appelo},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Synonymy and translation},
  booktitle = {Proc. 6th Amsterdam Colloquium},
  pages = {65-85}
}
@ARTICLE{Jordan93,
  author = {Pamela W Jordan and Bonnie J Dorr and John W Benoit},
  year = 1993,
  title = {A first pass approach for evaluating Machine Translation systems},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {49-58}
}
@ARTICLE{Kaji88,
  author = {H. Kaji},
  year = 1988,
  title = {An efficient execution method for rule-based machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {824-829},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kaji88a,
  author = {H. Kaji},
  year = 1988,
  title = {An efficient execution method for rule-based machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {824-829},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kaji92,
  author = {Hiroyuki Kaji},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Learning Translation Templates from Bilingual Text},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {672-678},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kamei92,
  author = {Shin ichiro Kamei and Takahiro Wakao},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Metonymy: Reassessment, Survey of Acceptability, and Its Treatment
          in a Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {309-311},
  publisher = {University of Delaware},
  address = {Newark}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kameyama91,
  author = {Megumi Kameyama and Ryo Ochitani and Stanley Peters},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Resolving Translation Mismatches with Information Flow},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {193-200},
  publisher = {University of California},
  address = {Berkeley}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kaplan89,
  author = {Ronald M Kaplan and Klaus Netter and Jurgen Wedekind and Annie
           Zaenen},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Translation by Structural Correspondences},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {272-281},
  address = {University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology,
            Manchester, UK}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kaplan89a,
  author = {Ronald M. Kaplan and Klaus Netter and Juergen Wedekind and Annie
           Zaenen},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Translation by Structural Correspondences},
  booktitle = {Proc. 4th European ACL Conf.},
  publisher = {ACL},
  address = {Manchester}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Katoh94,
  author = {Naoto Katoh and Teruaki Aizawa},
  year = 1994,
  title = {Machine Translation of Sentences with Fixed Expressions},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {28-33},
  note = {Published as Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Applied Natural
         Language Processing, number 4},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  address = {University of Stuttgart}
}
@ARTICLE{Kawasaki91,
  author = {Zenshiro Kawasaki and Fumiyuki Yamano and Noriyuki Yamasaki},
  year = {1991/92},
  title = {Translator Knowledge Base for Machine Translation Systems},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 4,
  pages = {265-278},
  keywords = {O}
}
@ARTICLE{Kay82,
  author = {Martin Kay},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Machine translation},
  journal = {American Journal of Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 8,
  number = 2,
  pages = {74-78}
}
@ARTICLE{Kay84,
  author = {Martin Kay},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Functional unification grammar: a formalism for machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {75-78}
}
@ARTICLE{Kay84a,
  author = {Martin Kay},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Functional unification grammar: a formalism for machine translation},
  journal = {Coling},
  pages = {75-78},
  address = {Stanford}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kay86,
  author = {Martin Kay},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Forum on Machine Translation. Machine Translation will not Work},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = 268,
  address = {Columbia University New York, New York, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kay86a,
  author = {Martin Kay},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine translation will not work},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, 24th Annual Meeting},
  pages = 268
}
@BOOK{Kelly89,
  editor = {I D Kelly},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Progress in Machine Translation. Natural Language and Personal
          Computers},
  publisher = {Sigma Press},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{King81,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1981,
  title = {Design characteristics of a machine translation system},
  journal = {IJCAI-81},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {43-46}
}
@ARTICLE{King81a,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1981,
  title = {{EUROTRA} - a European system for machine translation},
  journal = {Lebende Sprachen},
  volume = 26,
  pages = {12-14}
}
@INCOLLECTION{King82,
  author = {Margaret King},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {{EUROTRA}: an attempt to achieve multilingual {MT}},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {139-147},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{King86,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The prospects of machine translation},
  journal = {ECAI-86},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {181-192}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{King86a,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine translation already does work},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, 24th Annual Meeting},
  pages = {269-270}
}
@BOOK{King87,
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art},
  note = {Proceedings of the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@BOOK{King87,
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art},
  note = {Proceedings of the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{King87a,
  author = {Margaret King and Rika Yoshii},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Forum on Machine Translation. Machine Translation already does Work
          {JETR}: {A} Robust Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting
              of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {25-31},
  address = {Columbia University New York, New York, USA Stanford University,
            Stanford, California, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{King87b,
  author = {Margaret King and Sergei Perschke},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {{EUROTRA}},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {373-391},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INCOLLECTION{King87c,
  author = {Margaret King},
  editor = {Ben du Boulay and David Hogg and Luc Steels},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The prospects of machine translation},
  booktitle = {Advances in Artificial Intelligence},
  pages = {437-448},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{King87d,
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of the
          Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@ARTICLE{King88,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of {T}.Winograd and {F}. Flores {\it Understanding computers
          and cognition: a new foundation for design}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 2,
  pages = {170-172}
}
@TECHREPORT{King89,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1989,
  title = {A Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Machine Translation Systems},
  address = {Geneva},
  institution = {Issco},
  type = {Interim Report to Suissetra},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{King90,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Workshop on Evaluation: Background Paper},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{King90a,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Workshop on Evaluation: Background Paper},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {255-259},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{King92,
  author = {Margaret King},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {State of the Art and Perspectives},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {273-279}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kinoshita92,
  author = {Satoshi Kinoshita and John Phillips and Jun ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Interaction between Structural Changes in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {679-685},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kinoshita93,
  author = {Satoshi Kinoshita and Miwako Shimazu and Hideki Hirakawa},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Better Translation with Knowledge Extracted from Source Text},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {240-251},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Kirchmeier-And91,
  author = {Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Implementing Monolingual Grammars and Transfer Components in the
          Eurotra Formalism},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {149-170}
}
@ARTICLE{Kirschner82,
  author = {Z. Kirschner},
  year = 1982,
  title = {On a device in dictionary operations in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {157-160}
}
@BOOK{Kirschner82a,
  author = {Z Kirschner},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Explizite Beschreibung der Sprache und Automatische Textbearbeitung
          {IX} {A} Dependency-Based Analysis of English for the Purpose of
          Machine Translation},
  publisher = {University Karlovy},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@BOOK{Kirschner87,
  author = {Z Kirschner},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Explizite Beschreibung der Sprache und Automatische Textbearbeitung
          {XIII} {APAC} 3-2 An English to Czech Machine Translation System},
  publisher = {University Karlovy},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Kirschner88,
  author = {Z. Kirschner},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Traditional means in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {332-334},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kirschner88a,
  author = {Z. Kirschner},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Traditional means in machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {328-331},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@ARTICLE{Kirschner89,
  author = {Zdenek Kirschner and Alexandr Rosen},
  year = 1989,
  title = {{APAC} - An experiment in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 3,
  pages = {177-193}
}
@ARTICLE{Kitano90,
  author = {Hiroaki Kitano and DMDialog},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Speech-to-Speech Dialogue Translation System},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 4,
  pages = {301-338}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Kittredge87,
  author = {Richard I. Kittredge},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The significance of sublanguage for automatic translation},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {59-67},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kittredge88,
  author = {R. Kittredge and A. Polgu{\`e}re and L. Iordanskaya},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Multi-Lingual Text Generation and the Meaning-Text Theory},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second International Conference on
              Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of
              Natural Languages},
  address = {Pittsburgh}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kittredge88a,
  author = {Richard Kittredge and Lidija Iordanskaja and Alain Polguere},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Multi-Lingual Text Generation and the Meaning-Text Theory},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {41-53},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kjaersgaard87,
  author = {Paul Soren Kjaersgaard},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Reftex - a context-based translation aid},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Third European Conference}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kjaersgaard87a,
  author = {Poul Soren Kjaersgaard},
  year = 1987,
  title = {{REFTEX} - {A} Context-Based Translation Aid},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {109-112},
  address = {University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark}
}
@ARTICLE{Klein85,
  author = {Ewan Klein and Ivan A Sag},
  year = 1985,
  title = {Type-Driven Translation},
  journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
  volume = 8,
  pages = {163-201}
}
@ARTICLE{Kluwer88,
  year = 1988,
  journal = {COMPUTERS AND TRANSLATION},
  volume = 3,
  number = 1,
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Kluwer89,
  year = 1989,
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = {1, 3, 4},
  publisher = {Kluwer},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@BOOK{Kluwer??,
  title = {Machine Translation},
  note = {(formerly {\it Computers and Translation})},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  address = {POBox 322, 3300 AH, Dordrecht, The Netherlands}
}
@BOOK{Kluwer??,
  title = {Machine Translation},
  note = {(formerly {\it Computers and Translation})},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  address = {POBox 322, 3300 AH, Dordrecht, The Netherlands}
}
@ARTICLE{Klvans95,
  author = {Judith Klvans and Evelyne Tzoukermann},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Combining Corpus and Machine Readable Dictionary Data for Building
          Bilingual Lexicons},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = 3,
  pages = {185-218}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Knowles82,
  author = {F.E. Knowles},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {The pivotal role of the various dictionaries in an {MT} system},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {149-162},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Knowles89,
  author = {Frank Knowles},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Review of Ladislav Zgusta (with Donna {M}.{T}.Cr.
          Farina){\it lexicography today: an annoted bibliography of the
          theory of lexicography}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 4,
  pages = {318-319}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kogure88,
  author = {Kiyoshi Kogure and Hitoshi Iida and Kei Yoshimoto and Hiroyuki
           Maeda and Masako Kume and Susumu Kato},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A Method of Analysing Japanese Speech Act Types},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {13-24},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kogure90,
  author = {Kiyoshi Kogure and Masako Kume and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Illocutionary Act Based Translation of Dialogues},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kogure90a,
  author = {Kiyoshi Kogure and Masako Kume and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Illocutionary Act Based Translation of Dialogues},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {47-55},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Komatsu93,
  author = {Eiji Komatsu and Cui Jin and Hiroshi Yasuhara},
  year = 1993,
  title = {A Mono-lingual Corpus-based Machine Translation of the Interlingua
          Method},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {24-46},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Krauwer84,
  author = {Steven Krauwer and Louis des Tombe},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Reflections on transfer in machine translation},
  journal = {Contrastes, Revue de l'association pour le development des etudes
            contrastives},
  keywords = {utrecht}
}
@ARTICLE{Krauwer93,
  author = {Steven Krauwer},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Evaluation of {MT} systems: a programatic view},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {59-66}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kroupa86,
  author = {Edith Kroupa},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Multilingual Aspects of Reference Information Systems ({MARIS})},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {227-241},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@ARTICLE{Kudo86,
  author = {Ikuo Kudo and Hirosato Nomura},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Lexical-functional transfer: a transfer framework in a machine
          translation system based on {LFG}},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {112-114}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kudo86a,
  author = {I. Kudo and H. Nomura},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Lexical-Functional Transfer: {A} Transfer Framework in a Machine
          Translation System based on {LFG}},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {112-114},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kudo90,
  author = {I. Kudo},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Local Cohesive Knowledge for Translating Dialogues},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {391-393},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kume89,
  author = {Masako Kume and Gayle K Sato and Kei Yoshimoto},
  year = 1989,
  title = {A Descriptive Framework for Translating Speaker's Meaning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {264-271},
  address = {University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology,
            Manchester, UK}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Kunze86,
  author = {Jurgen Kunze},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Transfer as a Touchstone for Analysis},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {51-64},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Landsbergen77,
  author = {J. Landsbergen},
  editor = {Horecky},
  year = 1977,
  title = {Machine translation based on logically isomorphic Montague grammars},
  booktitle = {COLING 82: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {175-181}
}
@ARTICLE{Landsbergen82,
  author = {S.P. Jan Landsbergen},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Machine translation based on logically isomorphic Montague grammars},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {175-181}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Landsbergen87,
  author = {Jan Landsbergen},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Isomorphic grammars and their use in the {ROSETTA} translation
          system},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {351-372},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Landsbergen87a,
  author = {S.P. Jan Landsbergen},
  editor = {Peter Whitelock and Mary McGee Wood and Harold L. Somers and Rod
           L. Johnson and Paul Bennett},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Montague grammar and machine translation},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Theory \& Computer Applications},
  pages = {113-147},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  address = {London}
}
@ARTICLE{Landsbergen87b,
  author = {J Landsbergen},
  month = jan,
  year = 1987,
  title = {Montague Grammar and Machine Translation},
  journal = {Philips Research Report},
  number = {MS 14.026},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@MISC{Language??,
  author = {{{Language Translation Software}}},
  title = {Machine Translation Evaluation Criteria},
  institution = {{Language Translation Software}}
}
@ARTICLE{Lau88,
  author = {Peter Lau},
  year = 1988,
  title = {REview of {J}.{L}. Bybee {\it Morphology: a study of the relation
          between meaning and form}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 2,
  pages = {172-174}
}
@ARTICLE{Lau88a,
  author = {Peter Lau},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of {P}.{A}.Bennett, {R}.{L}. Johnson, {J}. McNaught,
          {J}.{M}.Pugh, {J}.{C}. Sager and {H}.{L}. Somers {\it Multilingual
          aspects of information technology}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {257-262}
}
@ARTICLE{Laurian84,
  author = {Anne-Marie Laurian},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Machine translation: what type of post-editing on what type of
          documents for what type of users},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {236-238}
}
@ARTICLE{Laurian84,
  author = {Anne-Marie Laurian},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Machine translation: what type of post-editing on what type of
          documents for what type of users},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {236-238}
}
@ARTICLE{Laurian86,
  author = {Anne-Marie Laurian},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Stylistics and computing: Machine Translation as a tool for a new
          approach to stylistics},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 4,
  pages = {215-223}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Lavie96,
  author = {Alon Lavie and Donna Gates and Marsal Gavald{\`{ }}a and Laura
           Mayfield and Alex Waibel and Lori Levin},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Multi-lingual Translation of Spontaneously Spoken Language in a
          Limited Domain},
  booktitle = {COLING-96: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {442-447},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lavorel82,
  author = {B. Lavorel},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Experience in English-French post-editing},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {105-109},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lawson82,
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  note = {(Proceedings of the AISB conference held in London, 1981)},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lawson82,
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  note = {(Proceedings of the AISB conference held in London, 1981)},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lawson82a,
  author = {Veronica Lawson},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Machine translation and people},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {3-9},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lawson82b,
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation (Proceedings of a
          conference held in London, 1981)},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Lawson86,
  author = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1986,
  title = {As the generations pass},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 1,
  pages = 61
}
@ARTICLE{Lawson86a,
  author = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The background to practical machine translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {109-112}
}
@ARTICLE{Lawson86b,
  author = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The background to practical Machine Translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {109-112}
}
@ARTICLE{lbracearbrace??,
  author = {Sylvana Sofkov{\'{ }}$\lbrace$a$\rbrace$},
  title = {Review of Charles Copeland $\lbrace$$\backslash$m et al$\rbrace$,
          $\lbrace$$\backslash$m The Eurotra Linguistic
          Specifications$\rbrace$, Office for Official Publications of the
          Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1991},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = 4,
  pages = {329-332}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Lee93,
  author = {Hagyu Lee and Yung Taek Kim},
  year = 1993,
  title = {An Idiom-based Approach to Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {168-182},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Leermakers86,
  author = {Ren{\'e} Leermakers and Joep Rous},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The translation method of Rosetta},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {169-000}
}
@ARTICLE{Lehmann87,
  author = {Winfred P. Lehmann},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The context of Machine Translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 3,
  pages = {135-158}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Lehmann92,
  author = {Hubert Lehmann and Nikolaus Ott},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Translation Relations and the Combination of Analytical and
          Statistical Methods in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {237-248},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lehrberger82,
  author = {J. Lehrberger},
  editor = {Richard I. Kittredge and J. Lehrberger},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Automatic translation and the concept of sublanguage},
  booktitle = {Sublanguage: Studies of Language in Restricted Semantic Domains},
  pages = {81-106},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@BOOK{Lehrberger87,
  author = {John Lehrberger and Laurent Bourbeau},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Linguistic Characteristics of {MT} Systems and
          General Methodology of Evaluation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lehrberger87,
  author = {John Lehrberger and Laurent Bourbeau},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Linguistic Characteristics of {MT} Systems and
          General Methodology of Evaluation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lehrberger87a,
  author = {John Lehrberger and Laurent Bourbeau},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Linguistic Characteristics of {MT} Systems and
          General Methodology of Evaluation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Lehrberger87b,
  author = {John Lehrberger and Laurent Bourbeau},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Linguistic Characteristics of {MT} Systems and
          General Methodology of Evaluation},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  address = {Amsterdam},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@ARTICLE{Leuven-Zwart90,
  author = {Kitty M van Leuven-Zwart},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Translation and Original: Similarities and Dissimilarities, {II}},
  journal = {Target},
  volume = 2,
  number = 1,
  pages = {69-95},
  publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Levin90,
  author = {Lori Levin},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Syntactic Theory and Grammar Design for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Levin90a,
  author = {Lori Levin},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Syntactic Theory and Grammar Design for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {109-120},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Levin95,
  author = {Lori Levin and Oren Glickman and Yan Qu and Carolyn P Rose and
           Donna Gates and Alon Lavie and Alex Waibel and Carol Van Ess-Dykema},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Using Context in Machine Translation of Spoken Language},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {173-187},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@TECHREPORT{Lindop90,
  author = {J. Lindop},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Non-Eurotra {MT} Systems: Difficult Translations},
  type = {Report for Contract ET6-1/2.4, Commissioned by SRI Ltd., Cambridge},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Linguistics90,
  month = {11-13 June},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The Third International Conference on Theoretical and
          Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages},
  publisher = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas in Austin},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Liro??,
  author = {Joseph Liro},
  year = {l989},
  title = {Review of {G}.{V}. Cernov (ed.) {\it Masinnyj perevod i prikladnaja
          lingvistika : problemy sozdanija avtomaticeskogo perevoda (Machine
          Translation and applied linguistics: problems in the development of
          automatic translation systems)}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 3,
  pages = {239-241}
}
@ARTICLE{Liu87,
  author = {Jocelyn Liu and Joseph Liro},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The {METAL} English-to-German system: first progress report},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 4,
  pages = {205-218}
}
@ARTICLE{Lonsdale??,
  author = {Deryle Lonsdale and Teruko Mitamura and Eric Nyberg},
  year = {94/95},
  title = {Acquisition of Large Lexicons for Practical Knowledge-Based {MT}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = {3-4},
  pages = {251-283}
}
@ARTICLE{Loomis87,
  author = {Thomas Loomis},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Software design issues for natural language processing},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 4,
  pages = {219-230}
}
@ARTICLE{Loong-Cheong86,
  author = {Tong Loong-Cheong},
  year = 1986,
  title = {English-Malay translation system: a laboratory prototype},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {639-642}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Luckhardt86,
  author = {Heinz-Dirk Luckhardt},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A {CAP} Parser Generator for German},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {242-266},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Luckhardt91,
  author = {Heinz-Dirk Luckhardt},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Sublanguages in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics, Part 2},
  pages = {306-308},
  address = {Congress Hall, Alexanderplatz, Berlin, Germany}
}
@ARTICLE{Luctkens86,
  author = {E. Luctkens and P.H. Fermont},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A prototype machine translation based on extracts from data
          processing manuals},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {643-645}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Luctkens86a,
  author = {E. Luctkens and P. Fermont},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A Prototype Machine Translation Based on Extracts from Data
          Processing Manuals},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {643-645},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Luper-Foy??,
  author = {R.S. Luper-Foy},
  year = {l986},
  title = {Software review of {E}/{G} Word {\it Japanese word processor for
          the macintosh}},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {115-117}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lytinen87,
  author = {Steven L. Lytinen},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Integrating syntax and semantics},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {302-316},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Maas87,
  author = {Heinz-Dieter Maas},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The {MT} system {SUSY}},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {209-246},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Macklovitch92,
  author = {Elliott Macklovitch},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Where the Tagger Falters},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {113-126},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@ARTICLE{Maegaard80,
  author = {Bente Maegaard and Hanne Ruus},
  year = 1980,
  title = {Structuring Linguistic Information for Machine Translation: the
          {EUROTRA} Interface Structure},
  journal = {NOK},
  volume = 39,
  pages = {159-69},
  publisher = {Odense Universitet, Romansk Institut},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@ARTICLE{Maegaard82,
  author = {Bente Maegaard},
  editor = {E. Hajicova},
  year = 1982,
  title = {The transfer of finite verb forms in a Machine Translation system},
  journal = {COLING 82 Abstracts},
  pages = {190-95},
  address = {North Holland, Amsterdam},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@MISC{Maegaard82a,
  editor = {Bente Maegaard and K. Hyldgaard-Jensen},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Machine Translation and computational lexicography},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@ARTICLE{Maegaard82b,
  author = {Bente Maegaard and Hanne Ruus},
  editor = {Bente Maegaard and K. Hyldgaard-Jensen},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Multilingual syntax and morphology for Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation and Computational Lexicography, University of
            Copenhagen},
  pages = {26-34},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Maegaard88,
  author = {Bente Maegaard},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Designing and testing linguistic development phases in a machine
          translation project},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of COLING 1988},
  pages = {387-89},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@ARTICLE{Maegaard89,
  author = {Bente Maegaard},
  editor = {J. A. Campbell and J. Cuena},
  year = 1989,
  title = {{EUROTRA}. The Machine Translation Project of the European
          Communities},
  journal = {Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {39-47},
  publisher = {Ellis Horwood Limited},
  address = {Chichester},
  keywords = {copenhagen}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Maegaard91,
  author = {B. Maegaard and S. Perschke},
  editor = {C. Copeland and J. Durand and S. Krauwer and B. Maegaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {An Introduction to the Eurotra Programme},
  booktitle = {The Eurotra Linguistic Specifications},
  series = {Studies in Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing},
  volume = 1,
  pages = {7-14},
  publisher = {Office for Official Publications of the Commission of the
              European Community}
}
@ARTICLE{Maegaard91a,
  author = {Bente Maegaard and Sergei Perschke},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Eurotra: General System Design},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 2,
  pages = {73-82},
  keywords = {O}
}
@ARTICLE{Makino80,
  author = {Hiroshi Makino and Makoto Kizawa},
  year = 1980,
  title = {An automatic translation system of non-segmented Kana sentences
          into Kanji-Kana sentences},
  journal = {COLING-80},
  pages = {295-302}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Malnati91,
  author = {G. Malnati and P. Paggio},
  editor = {C. Copeland and J. Durand and S. Krauwer and B. Maegaard},
  year = 1991,
  title = {The Eurotra User Language},
  booktitle = {The Eurotra Formal Specifications},
  series = {Studies in Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {41-112},
  publisher = {Office for Official Publications of the Commission of the
              European Community}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Mandelblit93,
  author = {Nili Mandelblit},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Machine Translation: {A} Cognitive Linguistics Approach},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {117-130},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Martins83,
  author = {Gary Martins},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = 148
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Martins83,
  author = {Gary R Martins},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Machine Translation: Session Introduction},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = 148,
  address = {Miramar-Sheraton Hotel, Santa Monica, California, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Martins83a,
  author = {Gary Martins},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = 148
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Maruyama92,
  author = {Hiroshi Maruyama and Hideo Watanabe},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Tree Cover Search Algorithm for Example-Based Translation},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {173-184},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Maruyama93,
  author = {Hiroshi Maruyama and Shiho Ogino and Masaru Hidano},
  year = 1993,
  title = {The Mega-Word Tagged-Corpus Project},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {15-23},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Masterman82,
  author = {M. Masterman},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {The limits of innovation in machine translation},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {163-186},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Maxwell88,
  editor = {D Maxwell and K Schubert and T Witkam},
  year = 1988,
  title = {New Directions in Machine Translation},
  note = {Distributed Language Translation 4},
  publisher = {Foris},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@TECHREPORT{Maxwell92,
  author = {Kerry G Maxwell},
  month = may,
  year = 1992,
  title = {Automatic Translation of English Compounds: Problems and Prospects},
  number = 39,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@BOOK{Mayerthaler88,
  author = {Willi Mayerthaler},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Morphological naturalness},
  note = {Translation of Mayerthaler 1981},
  publisher = {Karoma},
  address = {Ann Arbor}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Mayfield95,
  author = {L J Mayfield and M Gavalda and Y-H Seo and B Suhm and W Ward and A
           Waibel},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Concept-Based Parsing for Speech Translation},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {196-205},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{McCord86,
  author = {Michael C. McCord},
  editor = {Ehud Shapiro},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Design of a {PROLOG}-based machine translation system},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Logic
              Programming},
  pages = {350-374},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@ARTICLE{McCord86a,
  author = {Michael C McCord},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Design of a Prolof-Based Machine Translation System},
  journal = {Lecture notes in Computer Science},
  number = 225,
  pages = {350-374},
  note = {(Also in Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Logic
         Programming, London, July 1986)},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@ARTICLE{McCord89,
  author = {Michael C. McCord},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Design of {LMT}: {A} Prolog-Based Machine Translation System},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 15,
  number = 1,
  pages = {33-52},
  keywords = {Machine translation, LMT, Definite-Clause Grammars, Prolog}
}
@ARTICLE{McCord89a,
  author = {Michael C. McCord},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Design of {LMT}: {A} Prolog-Based Machine Translation System},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 15,
  number = 1,
  pages = {33-52},
  keywords = {Machine translation, LMT, Definite-Clause Grammars, Prolog}
}
@ARTICLE{McCord89b,
  author = {Michael C. McCord},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Design of {LMT}: {A} Prolog-Based Machine Translation System},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 15,
  number = 1,
  pages = {33-52}
}
@INCOLLECTION{McDonald87,
  author = {David D. McDonald},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Natural language generation: complexities and techniques},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {192-224},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{McLean92,
  author = {Ian J McLean},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Example-Based Machine Translation using Connectionist Matching},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {35-43},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@ARTICLE{McLean??,
  author = {Ian J McLean},
  title = {Review of Noel Sharkey (ed) $\lbrace$$\backslash$m Connectionist
          Natural language Processing: Readings from Connection
          Science$\rbrace$, Kluwer Academic Pub., Dordrecht, 1992.},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 10,
  number = 4,
  pages = {321-327}
}
@ARTICLE{McNaught88,
  author = {John McNaught},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A survey of term banks worldwide},
  journal = {Translating and the Computer 9},
  pages = {112-129},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@INCOLLECTION{McNaught88a,
  author = {J. McNaught},
  editor = {C. Picken},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A Survey of Term Banks Worldwide},
  booktitle = {Translating and the Computer},
  pages = {112-129},
  publisher = {Aslib},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {external umist}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{McNaught90,
  author = {John McNaught},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Closing remarks on Aslib Conference 1989},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Translating and the Computer 11, London,
              November 1989},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{McNaught90a,
  author = {John McNaught},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Machine aids to translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association for
              French Language Studies, Portsmouth, September 1989},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@ARTICLE{McNaught90b,
  author = {John McNaught},
  editor = {Effie Ananiadou and Coby Verheul},
  month = {$<$forthcoming$>$},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The role of term formation rules in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Morphology in Eurotra},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melamed96,
  author = {I. Dan Melamed},
  year = 1996,
  title = {Automatic Detection of Omissions in Translations},
  booktitle = {COLING-96: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {764-769},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
@ARTICLE{Melby80,
  author = {Alan K. Melby and Melvin R. Smith and Jill Peterson},
  year = 1980,
  title = {{ITS}: interactive translation system},
  journal = {COLING-80},
  pages = {424-429}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Melby81,
  author = {A.K. Melby},
  editor = {J. Copeland and P. Davis},
  year = 1981,
  title = {Linguistics and machine translation},
  booktitle = {The Seventh LACUS Forum 1980},
  publisher = {Hornbeam Press},
  address = {Columbia, South Carolina}
}
@ARTICLE{Melby82,
  author = {Alan K. Melby},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Multi-level translation aids in a distributed system},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {215-220}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melby83,
  author = {Alan K. Melby},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Computer assisted translation systems: the standard design and a
          multi-level design},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {174-177}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melby83,
  author = {Alan K Melby},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Computer-Assisted Translation Systems: The Standard Design and a
          Multi-level Design},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {174-177},
  address = {Miramar-Sheraton Hotel, Santa Monica, California, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melby83a,
  author = {Alan K. Melby},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Computer assisted translation systems: the standard design and a
          multi-level design},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {174-177}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melby85,
  author = {Alan K. Melby},
  editor = {Stephanie Williams},
  year = 1985,
  title = {Machine translation vs. translator aids: a false dichotomy},
  booktitle = {Humans and Machines: 4th Delaware Symposium on Language Studies},
  pages = {45-53},
  publisher = {Ablex},
  address = {Norwood}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Melby87,
  author = {Alan Melby},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Creating an environment for the translator},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {124-132},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Melby87a,
  author = {Alan K. Melby},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {On human machine interaction in translation},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {145-154},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Melby92,
  author = {Alan Melby},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {The translator workstation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {147-165},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Melby92,
  author = {Alan Melby},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {The translator workstation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {147-165},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
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  year = 1960,
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          the concept of grammatical meaning},
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  publisher = {Athenaion},
  address = {Frankfurt}
}
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  author = {M. Meya and J. Vidal},
  year = 1988,
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  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
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  volume = 2,
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  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Meya90,
  author = {Montserrat Meya},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Semantic Disambiguation for {PP}-Attachment},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Miike88,
  author = {Seiji Miike and Koichi Hasebe and Harold Somers and Shin-ya Amano},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Experiences with an On-Line Translating Dialogue System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {155-162},
  address = {State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA}
}
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  author = {Steven Minnis},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Constructive Machine Translation Evaluation},
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  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {67-76}
}
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  year = {94/95},
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}
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  author = {Teruko Mitamura and Nyberg, III, Eric H},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Hierarchical Lexical Structure and Interpretive Mappling in Machine
          Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {IV},
  pages = {1254-1258},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Mitamura93,
  author = {Teruko Mitamura and Nyberg, 3rd, Eric H and Jaime G Carbonell},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Automated Corpus Analysis and the Acquisition of Large,
          Multi-Lingual Knowledge Bases for {MT}},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = 312,
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Mitamura95,
  author = {Teruko Mitamura and Nyberg, 3rd, Eric H},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Controlled English for Knowledge-Based {MT}: Experience with the
          {KANT} system},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {158-172}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Mitkov95,
  author = {Ruslan Mitkov and Sung-Kwon Choi and Randall Sharp},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Anaphora Resolution in Machine Translation},
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              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {87-95},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Miura92,
  author = {Mitsugu Miura and Mikito Hirata and Nami Hoshino},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Learning Mechanism in Machine Translation System Pivot},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {693-699},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@BOOK{Mizoguchi91,
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  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Morimoto92,
  author = {T. Morimoto and M. Suzuki and T. Takezawa and G. Kikui and M.
           Nagata and M. Tomokiyo},
  year = 1992,
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  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
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  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
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}
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  author = {Glyn Morrill},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of {G}. Edward Barton, Robert Cregar Berwick, and Eric Sven
          Ristad f$\backslash$IComputational complexity and natural language},
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  volume = 3,
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  pages = {251-255}
}
@ARTICLE{Morrisson89,
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}
@ARTICLE{Mueckstein83,
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  year = 1983,
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  pages = {660-662}
}
@ARTICLE{Mueckstein83,
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  year = 1983,
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  pages = {660-662}
}
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  author = {Masaki Murata and Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1993,
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          Japanese Sentences for Machine Translation into English},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {218-225},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao80,
  author = {Makoto Nagao and Jun-ichi Tsujii and K. Mitamura and H. Hirakawa
           and M. Kune},
  year = 1980,
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@INCOLLECTION{Nagao82,
  author = {M. Nagao},
  editor = {T. Kitagawa},
  year = 1982,
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          Japan},
  booktitle = {Computer Science and Technologies},
  pages = {64-70},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao82a,
  author = {Makoto Nagao and Jun-ichi Tsujii and K. Yada and T. Kakimoto},
  year = 1982,
  title = {An English Japanese machine translation system of the titles of
          scientific and engineering papers},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {245-252}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao83,
  author = {M. Nagao},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Natural language processing and machine translation in Japan},
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            the Information Society},
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  publisher = {IEEE},
  address = {New York}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao84,
  author = {Makoto Nagao and Toyoaki Nishida and Jun-ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Dealing with incompleteness of linguistic knowledge in language
          translation - transfer and generation stage of the Mu machine
          translation project},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {420-427}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao84,
  author = {Makoto Nagao and Toyoaki Nishida and Jun-ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Dealing with incompleteness of linguistic knowledge in language
          translation - transfer and generation stage of the Mu machine
          translation project},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {420-427}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao86,
  author = {M. Nagao},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Current status and future trends in machine translation},
  journal = {Future Generations Computer Systems},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {77-82}
}
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  author = {M. Nagao and J. Tsujii and J. Nakamura},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Science and Technology Agency's Mu machine translation project},
  journal = {Future Generations Computer Systems},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {125-139}
}
@ARTICLE{Nagao86b,
  author = {Makoto Nagao and Jun-ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The transfer phase of the Mu machine translation system},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {97-103}
}
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  author = {Makoto Nagao and Jun-ichi Tsujii and Jun-ichi Nakamura},
  month = jul,
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine translation from Japanese to into English},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
  pages = {993-1012},
  note = {Published as Proceedings of the IEEE, volume 74, number 7}
}
@BOOK{Nagao86d,
  author = {M Nagao},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine Translation - How far can it go?},
  note = {1989 translation},
  publisher = {OUP},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nagao86e,
  author = {M. Nagao and J. Tsujii},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The Transfer Phase of the Mu Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {97-103},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Nagao87,
  author = {Makoto Nagao},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Role of structural transformation in a machine translation system},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {262-277},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Nagao87a,
  author = {Makoto Nagao},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenburg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Role of Structural Transfer in an {MT} System},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  publisher = {C.U.P.},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nagao92,
  author = {Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Are the grammars so far developed appropriate to recognise the real
          structure of a sentence?},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {127-137},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nakaiwa92,
  author = {H Nakaiwa and S Ikehara},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Zero Pronoun Resolution in a Japanese to English Machine
          Translation System Using Verbal Semantic Attributes},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing, Trento},
  pages = {201-208},
  note = {Published as Proceedings of the Third Conference on Applied Natural
         Language Processing, Trento, number 3},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nakaiwa95,
  author = {Hiromi Nakaiwa and Satoru Ikehara},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Intrasentential Resolution of Japanese Zero Pronouns in a Machine
          Translation System using Semantic and Pragmatic Constraints},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {96-105},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Nakamura84,
  author = {Jun-ichi Nakamura and Jun-ichi Tsujii and Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Grammar writing system ({GRADE}) of Mu-machine translation project
          and its characteristics},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {338-343}
}
@ARTICLE{Nakamura84,
  author = {Jun-ichi Nakamura and Jun-ichi Tsujii and Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Grammar writing system ({GRADE}) of Mu-machine translation project
          and its characteristics},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {338-343}
}
@ARTICLE{Nakamura86,
  author = {Jun-ichi Nakamura and Jun-ichi Tsujii and Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Solutions for problems of {MT} parser: methods used in Mu-machine
          translation project},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {133-135}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nakamura86a,
  author = {J. Nakamura and J. Tsujii and M. Nagao},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Solutions for Problems of {MT} Parser. Methods used in Mu-Machine
          Translation Project},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {133-135},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Nakamura88,
  author = {Jun-Ichi Nakamura and Jun-Ichi Tsujii and Makoto Nagao},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of f$\backslash$IGrade: a software environment for Machine
          Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 1,
  pages = {69-82}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nasukawa93,
  author = {Tetsuya Nasukawa},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Discourse Constraint in Computer Manuals},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {183-194},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Neal93,
  author = {Jeanette G Neal and Eliss L Feit and Christine A Montgomery},
  year = 1993,
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  journal = {Machine Translation},
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  number = {1-2},
  pages = {77-84}
}
@ARTICLE{Neal93a,
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  number = 4,
  pages = {262-266}
}
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  year = 1990,
  title = {Acquiring Lexical Data from Machine-Readable Dictionary Resources
          for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Neff90a,
  author = {Mary S Neff and Michael C McCord},
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          for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {85-90},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Nerbonne93,
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           and Ludwig Dickmann},
  year = 1993,
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  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {85-108}
}
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  year = 1986,
  title = {An {LFG}-Based Approach to Machine Translation},
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              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
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  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Netter86a,
  author = {Klaus Netter and Juergen Wedekind},
  year = 1986,
  title = {An {LFG}-based Approach to Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of IAI-MT-86},
  pages = {199-209},
  address = {Saarbrucken},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Newman90,
  author = {Paula Newman},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Symmetric Slot Grammar ({SSG}): {A} Bi-Directional Design of {MT}},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Newman90a,
  author = {P Newman},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Symmetric Slot Grammar ({SSG}): {A} Bi-directional Design for {MT}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {145-157},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
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  year = 1988,
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}
@BOOK{Newton92,
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  year = 1992,
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  address = {London}
}
@BOOK{Newton92,
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Newton92a,
  author = {John Newton},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Introduction and Overview},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {1-13},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Newton92a,
  author = {John Newton},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Introduction and Overview},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {1-13},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@BOOK{Newton92b,
  editor = {J Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Computers in Translation. {A} Practical Appraisal},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@BOOK{Nirenberg87,
  editor = {S. Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  publisher = {CUP},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@BOOK{Nirenberg87,
  editor = {S. Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  publisher = {CUP},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Nirenberg87a,
  author = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Knowledge and choices in machine translation},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {1-21},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Nirenberg87b,
  author = {Sergei Nirenberg and Victor Raskin and Allen B. Tucker},
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The structure of interlingua in translator},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  pages = {90-113},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@BOOK{Nirenberg87c,
  editor = {Sergei Nirenberg},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@ARTICLE{Nirenburg86,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Victor Raskin and Allen B. Tucker},
  year = 1986,
  title = {On knowledge-based machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {627-632}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg86a,
  author = {S. Nirenburg and V. Raskin and A. Tucker},
  year = 1986,
  title = {On Knowledge-Based Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {627-632},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Nirenburg87,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Victor Raskin},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The analysis lexicon and the lexicon management system},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 3,
  pages = {177-188}
}
@BOOK{Nirenburg88,
  editor = {S. Nirenburg},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological
          Issues in Machine Translation},
  publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
  address = {Pittsburg, Pa 15213-3890}
}
@BOOK{Nirenburg88,
  editor = {S. Nirenburg},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological
          Issues in Machine Translation},
  publisher = {Carnegie Mellon University},
  address = {Pittsburg, Pa 15213-3890}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg88a,
  author = {S. Nirenburg and R. McCardell and E. Nyberg and S. Huffman and E.
           Kenschaft and I. Nirenburg},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Lexical Realization in Natural Language Generation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second International Conference on
              Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of
              Natural Languages},
  address = {Pittsburgh},
  keywords = {Mel'chuk}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg88b,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Rita McCardell and Eric Nyberg and Scott
           Huffman and Edward Kenschaft and Irene Nirenburg},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Lexical Realisation in Natural Language Generation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {25-40},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Nirenburg89,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Knowledge-based Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 1,
  pages = {5-24}
}
@ARTICLE{Nirenburg89a,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Lori Levin},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Knowledge representation support},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 4,
  number = 1,
  pages = {25-52}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg90,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Kenneth Goodman},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Treatment of Meaning in {MT} Systems},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg90a,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg and Kenneth Goodman},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Treatment of Meaning in {MT} Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {171-188},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@MISC{Nirenburg92,
  editor = {S Nirenburg},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 4,
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Nirenburg92a,
  author = {Sergei Nirenburg},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Text Planning with Opportunistic Control},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {99-124}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Nirenburg93,
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  year = 1983,
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  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
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}
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  editor = {Frank van Eynde and Pius ten Hacken},
  year = 1989,
  title = {An introduction to the Eurotra machine translation system},
  journal = {Working papers in Natural Language Processing, Leuven/Utrecht},
  keywords = {leuven; utrecht}
}
@BOOK{Reiss84,
  author = {K. Reiss and H.J. Vermeer},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie},
  publisher = {Niemeyer},
  address = {Tubingen}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Reply82,
  author = {Reply and N. Bevan},
  editor = {Sture All{\'e}n and Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Martin Kay Psychological and ergonomic factors in machine
          translation},
  booktitle = {Text Processing: Text Analysis and Generation, Text Typology
              and Attribution Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {377-378 75-78},
  publisher = {Almqvist and Wiksell North-Holland},
  address = {Stockholm Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Riabtseva86,
  author = {Nadeshda K. Riabtseva},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine translation output and translation theory},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
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  pages = {37-00}
}
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  author = {Stephen D Richardson and Lucy Vanderwende and William Dolan},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Combining Dictionary-Based and Example-Based Methods for Natural
          Language Analysis},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {69-79},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rinsche93,
  author = {Adriane Rinsche},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Towards a {MT} Evaluation Methodology},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {266-275},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Robackslashsne86,
  author = {D. Ro$\backslash$*"sner},
  year = 1986,
  title = {When Mariko talks to Siegfried - Experiences from a Japanese/German
          Machine Translation Project},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {652-654},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@TECHREPORT{Rochemont89,
  author = {Michael Rochemont},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Implementing focus in Machine Translation},
  number = 9,
  note = {Gastwissenschaftler},
  institution = {IAI, Saarbr{\"u}cken},
  type = {working paper no.},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@ARTICLE{Rohrer86,
  author = {Christian Rohrer},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Linguistic bases for machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {353-355}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rohrer86a,
  author = {Christian Rohrer},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Linguistic Bases For Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {353-355},
  publisher = {(Panel Discussion)},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Rolf86,
  author = {P C Rolf and J Chauche},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine Translation and the {SYGMART} System},
  journal = {Computers and the Humanities},
  volume = 20,
  pages = {283-288},
  keywords = {CL/MT group photocopy}
}
@ARTICLE{Rolf88,
  author = {P. C. Rolf},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine Translation: the languages network (versus the intermediate
          language.)},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {544-548},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rolf88a,
  author = {P.C. Rolf},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine translation: the languages network (versus the intermediate
          language)},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {544-548},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@ARTICLE{Root86,
  author = {Rebecca Root},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Semantics, translation, and anaphora},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {93-108}
}
@ARTICLE{Root86a,
  author = {Rebecca Root},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Semantics, translation, and anaphora},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {93-108}
}
@ARTICLE{Rosenhouse90,
  author = {Judith Rosenhouse and Ariel Mordechai Cohen},
  year = 1990,
  title = {The passive in Arabic, Hebrew and English and Machine Translation},
  journal = {Linguistic and Literary Computing},
  volume = 5,
  number = 1,
  pages = {9-18}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rosenschein82,
  author = {Stanley J Rosenschein and Stuart M Shieber},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Translating English into Logical Form},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {1-8},
  address = {University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rosenschein82a,
  author = {Stanley J. Rosenschein and Stuart M. Shieber},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Translating English into logical form},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, 20th Annual Meeting cooper storage diagram
              question answering grammar},
  pages = {1-8}
}
@ARTICLE{Rosner86,
  author = {Dietmar F. R{\"o}sner},
  year = 1986,
  title = {When Marion talks to Siegfried - experiences from a Japanese/German
          machine translation project},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {652-654}
}
@ARTICLE{Rosner90,
  author = {Micheal Rosner},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Review of: Current Issues in Expert Systems {A}~van Lansweerde and
          {P} Dufour},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 4,
  pages = {342-347}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Rossi82,
  author = {F. Rossi},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {The impact of posteditors' feedback on the quality of {MT}},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {113-117},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Rothkegel86,
  author = {Annely Rothkegel},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Pragmatics in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {335-337}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rothkegel86a,
  author = {A. Rothkegel},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Pragmatics in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {335-337},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Rothkegel??,
  author = {Annely Rothkegel},
  title = {Review of {U}. Broich und {M}. Pfister (eds) {\it Intertextualitat:
          formen, funktionen, anglistische fallstudien}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 2,
  pages = {174-175}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Roudaud92,
  author = {B. Roudaud},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Typology Study of Technical Texts, with a view to Developing a
          Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {IV},
  pages = {1284-1288},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@ARTICLE{Roudaud93,
  author = {Brigitte Roudaud and Maria Claudia Puerta and Otemea Gamrat},
  year = 1993,
  title = {A procedure for the evaluation and improvement of an {MT} system by
          the end-user},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {109-116}
}
@BOOK{Rozencvejg74,
  editor = {V. Ju. Rozencvejg and Ferenc Kiefer},
  year = 1974,
  title = {Machine translation and applied linguistics Soviet papers in formal
          linguistics},
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@INCOLLECTION{Ruffino82,
  author = {J.R. Ruffino},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Coping with machine translation},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {57-60},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rupp89,
  author = {C J Rupp},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Situation Semantics and Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {308-318},
  address = {University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology,
            Manchester, UK}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Rupp89a,
  author = {C.J. Rupp},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Situation Semantics and Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th EACL},
  pages = {308-18},
  publisher = {UMIST},
  address = {Manchester}
}
@ARTICLE{Russell88,
  author = {Graham Russell},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Review of Hans Uszkoreit {\it Word order and constituent structure
          in German}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 4,
  pages = {291-297}
}
@BOOK{Sadler86,
  editor = {V. Sadler and A.P.M. Witkam},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Word Expert Semantics (Distributed Language Translation 1)},
  publisher = {Foris},
  address = {Dordrecht}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler89,
  author = {L. Sadler and I. Crookston and A. Way},
  year = 1989,
  title = {Co-description, projection and "difficult" translation},
  number = 8,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing},
  keywords = {essex wps}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler89a,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Ian Crookston and Andy Way},
  month = dec,
  year = 1989,
  title = {Co-description, projection and "difficult" translation},
  number = 8,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler90,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Ian Crookston and Doug Arnold and Andy Way},
  year = 1990,
  title = {{LFG} and Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler90a,
  author = {L. Sadler and I. Crookston and D.J. Arnold and A. Way},
  year = 1990,
  title = {{LFG} and Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated. Also, Working Papers in Language
         Processing 9 Department of Language and Linguistics, University of
         Essex, December 1989)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas},
  keywords = {essex external}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler90b,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Ian Crookston and Doug Arnold},
  year = 1990,
  title = {{LFG} and Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {121-130},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler91,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Henry S Thompson},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Structural Non-Correspondence in Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics, Part 2},
  pages = {293-298},
  address = {Congress Hall, Alexanderplatz, Berlin, Germany}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler91a,
  author = {L. Sadler and H.S. Thompson},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Structural Non-Correspondence in Translation},
  number = 18,
  pages = {293-298},
  note = {(to appear, in {\it Proceedings of the European Chapter of the
         Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL-91)}, Berlin, Spring
         1991)},
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing},
  keywords = {essex wps}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler91b,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Henry S. Thompson},
  month = {to appear},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Structural Non-Correspondence in Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of EACL-91},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler91c,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Henry S. Thompson},
  month = jan,
  year = 1991,
  title = {Structural Non-Correspondence in Translation},
  number = 18,
  note = {(also in {\it Proceedings of EACL-91}, Berlin, Spring 1991)},
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler91d,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Doug Arnold},
  month = oct,
  year = 1991,
  title = {A Constraint-Based Approach to Translating Anaphoric Dependencies},
  number = 29,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler92,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Doug Arnold},
  month = feb,
  year = 1992,
  title = {Unification and Machine Translation},
  number = 34,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sadler92a,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Doug Arnold},
  year = 1992,
  title = {A Constraint-Based Approach to Translating Anaphoric Dependencies},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {728-734},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sadler92b,
  author = {Louisa Sadler and Doug Arnold},
  month = feb,
  year = 1992,
  title = {Unification and Machine Translation},
  number = 34,
  institution = {Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex},
  type = {Working Papers in Language Processing}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Sadler93,
  author = {Louisa Sadler},
  editor = {Frank {Van Eynde}},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Co-description and translation},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {44-71},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Sager82,
  author = {J.C. Sager},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Types of translation and text forms in the environment of machine
          translation},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {11-19},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sager87,
  author = {Juan C. Sager},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation and a typology of texts},
  number = {87/13},
  institution = {CCL-UMIST},
  type = {report no.},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@TECHREPORT{Sager88,
  author = {Juan C. Sager},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Present limitations and possibilities of Machine Translation},
  number = {88/13},
  institution = {CCL-UMIST},
  type = {report no.},
  keywords = {manchester}
}
@MISC{Sager90,
  author = {J.C. Sager},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Discussion on Translation Theory for {MT} (meeting paper)}
}
@MISC{Sager??,
  author = {J.C. Sager},
  title = {The Artificial Language Approach to Machine Translation (shortened
          version)}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Sager??a,
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  title = {Quality and Standards - the evaluation of translations},
  booktitle = {The Translator's Handbook},
  pages = {91-102},
  publisher = {ASLIB}
}
@ARTICLE{Saint-Dizier91,
  author = {Patrick Saint-Dizier},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: Logic Programming: Proceedings of the Sixth
          International Conference; Logic Programming: Proceedings of the
          North Americam Conference, 1989, Giorgio Levi and Maurizio Martelli,
          Ewing {L} Lusk and Ross {A} Overbeek, eds.},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 1,
  pages = {48-50}
}
@ARTICLE{Sakamoto86,
  author = {Yoshiyuki Sakamoto and Tetsuya Ishikawa and Masayuki Satoh},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Concept and structure of semantic markers for machine translation
          in Mu-project},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {13-19}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sakamoto86a,
  author = {Y. Sakamoto and T. Ishikawa and M. Satoh},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Concept and Structure of Semantic Markers for Machine Translation
          in Mu-Project},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {13-19},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sakamoto86b,
  author = {Yoshiyuki Sakamoto and Taeko Ariga and Atsushi Washio},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Unified Operation Control System for Mu Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {112-128},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Salkoff90,
  author = {M. Salkoff},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Translation of Support Verb Constructions},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {243-246},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sampson83,
  author = {Geoffrey R. Sampson},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Fallible rationalism and machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, First European Conference},
  pages = {86-89}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sampson83,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Fallible rationalism and machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, First European Conference},
  pages = {86-89}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sampson87,
  author = {Geoffrey Sampson},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {{MT}: a nonconformist's view of the state of the art},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {91-108},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sanfilippo92,
  author = {Antonio Sanfilippo and Ted Briscoe and Ann Copestake and Maria
           Antonia Marti and Mariona Taule and Antonietta Alonge},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Translation Equivalence and Lexicalisation in the {ACQUILEX} {LKB}},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {1-11},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Santos90,
  author = {D. Santos},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Lexical Gaps and Idioms in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {330-325},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@ARTICLE{Sapir33,
  author = {Edward Sapir},
  year = 1933,
  title = {La r{\'{ }}ealit{\'{ }}e psychologique du phon{\`{ }}eme},
  journal = {Journal de psychologie normale et pathologique},
  volume = 30,
  pages = {247-65},
  note = {Transl: The pychological reality of the phoneme, in Mandelbaum (ed.)
         $\lbrace$$\backslash$it Selected Writings of Edward Sapir$\rbrace$.
         Reprinted in Joos 1957}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sato90,
  author = {S. Sato and M. Nagao},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Memory-based Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {247-252},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sato92,
  author = {Satoshi Sato},
  year = 1992,
  title = {{CTM}: An Example-Based Translation Aid System Using the
          Character-Based Best Match Retrieval Method},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {IV},
  pages = {1259-1263},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sato93,
  author = {Satoshi Sato},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Example-Based Translation of Technical Terms},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {58-68},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Sawai82,
  author = {S. Sawai and H. Fukushima and M. Sugimoto and N. Ukai},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Knowledge representation and machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-82},
  pages = {351-356}
}
@ARTICLE{Schenk86,
  author = {Andr{\'e} Schenk},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Idioms in the Rosetta machine translation system},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {319-324}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schenk86a,
  author = {A. Schenk},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Idioms in the Rosetta Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {319-324},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@ARTICLE{Schmidt88,
  author = {P. Schmidt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A syntactic description of german in a formalism designed for
          machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {589-594},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schmidt88a,
  author = {P. Schmidt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {A syntactic description of German in a formalism designated for
          machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {589-594},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schmitz95,
  author = {Birte Schmitz and J Joachim Quantz},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Dialogue Acts in Automatic Dialogue Interpreting},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {33-47},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schubert82,
  author = {Lenhart K. Schubert and Francis J. Pelletier},
  editor = {Barbara J. Grosz and Karen Sparck-Jones and Bonnie Lynn Webber},
  year = 1982,
  title = {From English to logic: context-free computation of 'conventional'
          logical translation},
  booktitle = {Readings in Natural Language Processing},
  pages = {293-311},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address = {Los Altos}
}
@ARTICLE{Schubert82a,
  author = {Lenhart K. Schubert and Francis J. Pelletier},
  year = 1982,
  title = {From English to logic: context-free computation of 'conventional'
          logical translation},
  journal = {American Journal of Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 8,
  number = 1,
  pages = {27-44}
}
@ARTICLE{Schubert82b,
  author = {Lenhart K. Schubert and Francis Jeffry Pelletier},
  year = 1982,
  title = {From English to Logic: Context-Free Computation of 'Conventional'
          Logical Translation},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 8,
  number = 1,
  pages = {27-44}
}
@BOOK{Schubert87,
  author = {K Schubert},
  year = 1987,
  title = {{METATAXIS} - Contrastive dependency syntax for machine translation},
  note = {Distributed Language Translation 2},
  publisher = {Foris},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Schubert88,
  author = {K. Schubert},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Implicitness as a guiding principle in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {599-601},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schubert88a,
  author = {K. Schubert},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Implicitness as a guiding principle in machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {599-601},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schubert92,
  author = {Klaus Schubert},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Esperanto as an intermediate language for machine translation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {78-95},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schubert92,
  author = {Klaus Schubert},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Esperanto as an intermediate language for machine translation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {78-95},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schutz86,
  author = {J{\"o}rg Sch{\"u}tz},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A computer translation system for authors},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of SEPLN},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schutz88,
  author = {J{\"o}rg Sch{\"u}tz},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Dialogue-based computer translation for authors},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of COLING 1988},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schutz88a,
  author = {J{\"o}rg Sch{\"u}tz},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Towards a framework for knowledge-based Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of GWAI 89},
  note = {conference presentation also in: IAI Working Papers No 10},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  address = {Berlin, Heidelberg, New York},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schutz93,
  author = {Jorg Schutz and Barbel Ripplinger},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Machine Translation Supported by Terminological Information},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {102-116},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Schwartz88,
  author = {Lee Ann Schwartz},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Coordination: Some Problems and Solutions for the Analysis of
          English with an {ATN}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {1-12},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Sedelow86,
  author = {Sally Yeates Sedelow and Sedelow, Jr., Walter A.},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The lexicon in the background},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {73-82}
}
@ARTICLE{Sedelow86a,
  author = {Sally Yeates Sedelow and Sedelow, Jr., Walter A.},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The lexicon in the background},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {73-81}
}
@ARTICLE{Sedelow87,
  author = {Sedelow, Jr., Walter A. and Sally Yeates Sedelow},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Semantic space},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 4,
  pages = {231-242}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Seki93,
  author = {Hiroyuki Seki and Ryuichi Nakanishi and Yuichi Kaji and Sachiko
           Ando and Tadao Kasami},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Parallel Multiple Context-Free Grammars, Finite-State Translation
          Systems, and Polynomial-Time Recognizable Subclasses of
          Lexical-Functional Grammars},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st Association for Computational
              Linguistics},
  pages = {130-139},
  publisher = {Ohio State University},
  address = {Columbus}
}
@ARTICLE{Sekine95,
  author = {Satoshi Sekine and Jun-Ichi Tsujii},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Automatic Acquisition of Semantic Collocation from Corpora},
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  number = 3,
  pages = {218-258}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Serada82,
  author = {S.P. Serada},
  editor = {Veronica Lawson},
  year = 1982,
  title = {Practical Experience of machine translation},
  booktitle = {Practical Experience of Machine Translation},
  pages = {119-123},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sgall87,
  author = {Petr Sgall and Jarmila Panevova},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation, linguistics, and interlingua},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Third European Conference}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sgall87a,
  author = {Petr Sgall and Jarmila Panevova},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine Translation, Linguistics, and Interlingua},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on the European Chapter of
              the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {99-103},
  address = {University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark}
}
@ARTICLE{Shalyapina80,
  author = {Z.M. Shalyapina},
  year = 1980,
  title = {Problems of formal representation of text structure from the point
          of view of automatic translation},
  journal = {COLING-80},
  pages = {174-182}
}
@ARTICLE{Shalyapina80a,
  author = {Z.M. Shalyapina},
  year = 1980,
  title = {Automatic translation as a model of the human translation activity},
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@INPROCEEDINGS{Shann87,
  author = {Patrick Shann},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Machine translation: a problem of linguistic engineering or
          cognitive modelling?},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {71-90},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@ARTICLE{Sharp86,
  author = {Randall Sharp},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A parametric {NL} translator},
  journal = {COLING-86},
  pages = {124-126}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sharp86a,
  author = {R. Sharp},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A Parametric {NL} Translator},
  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {124-126},
  address = {Bonn}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sharp86b,
  author = {Randall Sharp},
  year = 1986,
  title = {A parametric {NL} translator},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of COLING 1986},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sharp88,
  author = {Randall Sharp},
  year = 1988,
  title = {CAT2 - implementing a formalism for multilingual {MT}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sharp88a,
  author = {Randall Sharp},
  year = 1988,
  title = {CAT2 - Implementing a Formalism for Multi-Lingual {MT}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {76-87},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Sharp91,
  author = {Randall Sharp},
  year = 1991,
  title = {CAT2 - An Experimental Eurotra Alternative},
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  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {215-228}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Shim93,
  author = {Kwangseob Shim and Yung Taek Kim},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Towards a Machine Translation System with Self-Critiquing
          Capability},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {276-291},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Shirai93,
  author = {Satoshi Shirai and Satoru Ikehara and Tsukasa Kawaika},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Effects of Automatic Rewriting of Source Language within a Japanese
          to English {MT} System},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {226-239},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
@ARTICLE{Shiwen93,
  author = {Yu Shiwen},
  year = 1993,
  title = {Automatic Evaluation of output quality for Machine Translation
          systems},
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  volume = 8,
  number = {1-2},
  pages = {117-126}
}
@ARTICLE{Shubert82,
  author = {L. Shubert and F. Pelletier},
  year = 1982,
  title = {From English to Logic: Context Free Computation of `Conventional'
          Logic Translation},
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  volume = 8,
  pages = {27-44}
}
@BOOK{Sigma91,
  month = {Jul-Sept},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Applied Computer Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 3,
  publisher = {Sigma Press},
  keywords = {CL/MT group library}
}
@ARTICLE{Sigurd88,
  author = {Bengt Sigurd and Barbara Gawronska-Werngren},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The potential of swetra - a multilanguage {MT} system},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = {3/4},
  pages = {237-250}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Sigurd92,
  author = {Bengt Sigurd and Caroline Willners and Mats Eeg-Olofsson},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Deep Comprehension, Generation and Translation of Weather
          Forecasts(Weathra)},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {749-755},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Simard92,
  author = {Michel Simard and George F Foster and Pierre Isabelle},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Using Cognates to Align Sentences in Bilingual Corpora},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {67-81},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@ARTICLE{Simmons86,
  author = {R.F. Simmons},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Technologies for machine translation},
  journal = {Future Generations Computer Systems},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {83-94}
}
@ARTICLE{Skuce81,
  author = {D. Skuce and S. Matwin and B. Tauzovich and F. Oppacher and S.
           Szpakowicz and D. Burden},
  year = 1981,
  title = {A logic-based knowledge source system for natural language
          documents Natural human languages automatically translated by
          computer: the {SYSTRAN} {II} system},
  journal = {Data \& Knowledge Engineering Computers and People},
  volume = {1 30},
  number = {3 5-6},
  pages = {00-00 12-15}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum80,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1980,
  title = {An Experiment in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Annual Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics and Parasession on Topics in
              Interactive Discourse},
  pages = {163-167},
  address = {University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum80a,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1980,
  title = {An experiment in machine translation},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, 18th Annual Meeting},
  pages = {163-167}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum83,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1983,
  title = {A status report on the {LRC} machine translation system},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {166-173}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum83,
  author = {Johnathan Slocum},
  year = 1983,
  title = {A Status Report on the {LRC} Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {166-173},
  address = {Miramar-Sheraton Hotel, Santa Monica, California, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum83a,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1983,
  title = {A status report on the {LRC} machine translation system},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {166-173}
}
@ARTICLE{Slocum84,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Machine translation: its history, current status and future
          prospects},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {546-561}
}
@ARTICLE{Slocum84,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1984,
  title = {Machine translation: its history, current status and future
          prospects},
  journal = {COLING-84},
  pages = {546-561}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum85,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum and Winfield S. Bennett and Lesley Whiffin and
           Edda Norcross},
  year = 1985,
  title = {An evaluation of {METAL}: the {LRC} machine translation system},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Second European Conference},
  pages = {62-69}
}
@ARTICLE{Slocum85a,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1985,
  title = {A survey of machine translation: its history, current status, and
          future prospects},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 11,
  number = 1,
  pages = {1-17}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum85b,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum and Winfield S. Bennett and Lesley Whiffin and
           Edda Norcross},
  year = 1985,
  title = {An Evaluation of {METAL}: the {LRC} Machine Translation System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings Second European Conference ACL},
  pages = {62-69},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum86,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  month = jul,
  year = 1986,
  title = {Machine translation: an American perspective},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
  pages = {969-978},
  note = {Published as Proceedings of the IEEE, volume 74, number 7}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Slocum87,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  editor = {Margaret King},
  year = 1987,
  title = {{METAL}: the {LRC} machine translation system},
  booktitle = {Machine Translation Today: The State of the Art, Proceedings of
              the Third Lugano Tutorial, 1984},
  pages = {319-350},
  publisher = {Edinburgh University Press University of Texas},
  address = {Edinburgh}
}
@ARTICLE{Slocum87a,
  author = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1987,
  title = {Concept-lexeme-syntax triangles: a gateway to interlingual
          translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 2,
  number = 4,
  pages = {243-261}
}
@BOOK{Slocum88,
  editor = {J. Slocum},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine Translation Systems},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@BOOK{Slocum88,
  editor = {J. Slocum},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine Translation Systems},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@BOOK{Slocum88a,
  editor = {Jonathan Slocum},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Machine Translation Systems},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@BOOK{Slype79,
  author = {G. van Slype},
  year = 1979,
  title = {Critical Study of Method's for Evaluating the Quality of Machine
          Translation Systems},
  publisher = {Bureau Marcel van Dijk},
  address = {Bruxelles},
  keywords = {evaluation group}
}
@BOOK{Snell-Hornby88,
  author = {M. Snell-Hornby},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Translation Studies. An Integrated Approach},
  publisher = {John Benjamins},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Snell79,
  editor = {B. Snell},
  year = 1979,
  title = {Translation and the Computer},
  publisher = {North Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@BOOK{Snell79,
  editor = {B. Snell},
  year = 1979,
  title = {Translation and the Computer},
  publisher = {North Holland},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@ARTICLE{Sohndheimer90,
  author = {Norman Sohndheimer and Susanna Cumming and Robert Albano},
  year = 1990,
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          network in text generation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 1,
  pages = {57-78}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers83,
  author = {Harold L Somers},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Investigating the Possiblity of Microprocessor-Based Machine
          Translation System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {149-155},
  address = {Miramar-Sheraton Hotel, Santa Monica, California, USA}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers83a,
  author = {Harold L. Somers},
  year = 1983,
  title = {Investigating the possibility of a microprocessor-based machine
          translation system},
  booktitle = {ACL Proceedings, Conference on Applied Natural Language
              Processing},
  pages = {149-155}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers88,
  author = {Harold Somers and Hideki Hirakawa and Seiji Miike and Shinya Amano},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The treatment of complex English nominalizations in Machine
          Translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 1,
  pages = {3-21}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers90,
  author = {Harold L. Somers},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Current Research in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers90a,
  author = {H. Somers and J-I. Tsujii and D. Jones},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Machine translation Without a Source Text},
  booktitle = {COLING-90: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 3,
  pages = {271-276},
  address = {Helsinki, Finland}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers90b,
  author = {Harold L Somers},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Current Research in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {1-12},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers91,
  author = {Harold Somers},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: Traduction Assistee par Ordinateur: Perspectives
          technologiques, industrielles et economiques envisageables a
          l'horizon 1990 l'offre, la demande, les marches et les evolutions en
          cours, Andre Abbou.},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 1,
  pages = {35-44}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers91a,
  author = {Harold Somers},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Review of: {M} Nagao, ed. Machine Translation Summit},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 1,
  pages = {35-44}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Somers92,
  author = {Harold L. Somers},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Current research in machine translation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {189-207},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@INCOLLECTION{Somers92,
  author = {Harold L. Somers},
  editor = {John Newton},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Current research in machine translation},
  booktitle = {Computers in Translation: a practical appraisal},
  pages = {189-207},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address = {London}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers92a,
  author = {Harold L Somers},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Current Research in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {231-246}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers92b,
  author = {Harold L Somers},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {A Response to the Comments},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {315-322}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Somers92c,
  author = {Harold L Somers},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Interactive multilingual text generation for a monolingual user},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {151-161},
  address = {Montreal, Canada}
}
@ARTICLE{Somers??,
  author = {Nick Somers},
  year = {l988},
  title = {Review of {B}.{L}. Edwards, Jr. {\it Processing words: Writing and
          revising on a microcomputer}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 3,
  number = 1,
  pages = {86-87}
}
@BOOK{Sponsored??,
  title = {Translating and the Computer (various editors and years):
          Proceedings of the annual Conference on Translating},
  publisher = {Sponsored by ASLIB},
  address = {26-27 Boswell St. London, WC1N 3JZ, UK}
}
@BOOK{Sponsored??,
  title = {Translating and the Computer (various editors and years):
          Proceedings of the annual Conference on Translating},
  publisher = {Sponsored by ASLIB},
  address = {26-27 Boswell St. London, WC1N 3JZ, UK}
}
@ARTICLE{Steiner88,
  author = {Erich Steiner and Paul Schmidt and Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  journal = {From syntax to semantics - insights from Machine Translation},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Steiner89,
  author = {Erich Steiner and J. Bateman and R. Kasper and J{\"o}rg Sch{\"u}tz},
  year = 1989,
  title = {A new view on the process of translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th conference of the European ACL},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Steiner90,
  author = {Erich Steiner},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Aspects of a Functional Grammar for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Steiner90a,
  author = {Erich Steiner},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Aspects of a Functional Grammar for Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {159-169},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Steiner92,
  author = {Erich Steiner},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Producers - Users - Customers: Towards a Differentiated Evaluation
          of Research in Machine Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {281-284}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Stieglbauer86,
  author = {Gunther Stieglbauer},
  year = 1986,
  title = {Computer Aided Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {79-94},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Stoll86,
  author = {Cay-Holger Stoll},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The {SYSTRAN} System},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of I International Conference on the State of the
              Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe
              (IAI-MT86)},
  pages = {3-19},
  address = {Burgerhaus, Dudweiler, Germany}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Streiter95,
  author = {Oliver Streiter and Antje Schmidt-Wigger},
  year = 1995,
  title = {Patterns of Derivation},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {256-272},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
@ARTICLE{Strodda94,
  author = {Petr Strodda},
  year = 1994,
  title = {Machine Assisted Translation from English to Slavic Language: What
          Linguistics and Programming Methodologies Can Do for It},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 9,
  number = 1,
  pages = {61-80}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Su92,
  author = {Keh-Yih Su and Ming-Wen Wu and Jing-Shing Chang},
  year = 1992,
  title = {A New Quantitative Quality Measure for Machine Translation Systems},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {433-439},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@ARTICLE{Su92a,
  author = {Key-Yih Su and Jing-Shin Chang},
  year = {1992/93},
  title = {Why {MT} Systems Are Still Not Widely Used},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 7,
  number = 4,
  pages = {285-292}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Su92b,
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  year = 1992,
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              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
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}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Su95,
  author = {Keh-Yih Su and Jin-Shin Chang and Yu-Ling Una Hsu},
  year = 1995,
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          Rationale, Architecture and Training Issues},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {334-353},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
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  year = 1990,
  title = {Translating with Examples: {A} New Approach to Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
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}
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  pages = {203-212},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
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  year = 1991,
  title = {Experiments and Prospects of Example-Based Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 29th ACL},
  pages = {185-192},
  address = {????}
}
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  year = 1991,
  title = {Experiments and Prospects of Example-Based Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 29th ACL},
  pages = {185-192},
  address = {????}
}
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  author = {Eiichiro Sumita and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Experiments and Prospects of Example-Based Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th Meeting of the Association for
              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {185-192},
  publisher = {University of California},
  address = {Berkeley}
}
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  author = {Eiichiro Sumita and Osamu Furuse and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1993,
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  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
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  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
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  author = {Eiichiro Sumita and Hitoshi Iida},
  year = 1995,
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          Language},
  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
  pages = {273-286},
  publisher = {KU Leuven, Belgium}
}
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  author = {Masami Suzuki},
  year = 1992,
  title = {A Method of Utilizing Domain and Language specific Constraints in
          Dialogue Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {756-762},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
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           Tsutsumi},
  year = 1992,
  title = {SHALT2 -a Symmetric Machine Translation System with Conceptual
          Transfer},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {III},
  pages = {1034-1038},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
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  title = {An Object-Oriented Implementation of Machine Translation Systems},
  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
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  pages = {154-167},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
}
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  pages = {226-233},
  publisher = {New Mexico State University},
  address = {Las Cruces}
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              Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {1155-1158},
  publisher = {Center for Sprogteknologi},
  address = {Copenhagen}
}
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  year = 1990,
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  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
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  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
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  address = {London}
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  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
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  year = 1990,
  title = {Complex Lexical Transfer in {METAL}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {91-107},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
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  keywords = {leuven}
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  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {utrecht}
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  keywords = {essex external}
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  booktitle = {COLING-86: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
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  address = {Bonn}
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  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
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  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
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  booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and
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  address = {Kyoto, Japan}
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              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation},
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              Computational Linguistics (project notes)},
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           Stephanie Seneff},
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  year = 1988,
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  address = {Budapest}
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              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
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}
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  pages = {195-200},
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  booktitle = {Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and
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  pages = {303-310},
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          Machine Translation},
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            Manchester, UK}
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@ARTICLE{Zahner88,
  author = {Christoph Zahner},
  year = 1988,
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          language education and research'}},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
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  author = {R. Zajac},
  year = 1988,
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  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
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  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zajac90,
  author = {R{\'e}mi Zajac},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Relational Approach to Translation},
  booktitle = {Third International Conference on Theoretical and
              Methodological Issues in Machine Translation 11-13 June 1990},
  note = {(Page numbers not integrated)},
  address = {Linguistics Research Center, Austin, Texas}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zajac90a,
  author = {Remi Zajac},
  year = 1990,
  title = {A Relational Approach to Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Language},
  pages = {235-254},
  address = {Linguistics Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Zarechnak86,
  author = {Michael Zarechnak},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The intermediary language for multilanguage translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {83-92}
}
@ARTICLE{Zarechnak86a,
  author = {Michael Zarechnak},
  year = 1986,
  title = {The intermediary language for multilanguage translation},
  journal = {Computers and Translation},
  volume = 1,
  number = 2,
  pages = {83-91}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zarechnak88,
  author = {Michael Zarechnak},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Complex Procedures for {MT} Quality},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theoretical
              and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural
              Languages},
  pages = {261-272},
  address = {Carnegie Mellon University, Centre for Machine Translation,
            Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA}
}
@ARTICLE{Zelinski-Wibbe88,
  author = {C. Zelinski-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Universal quantification in machine translation},
  journal = {COLING-88},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {791-795},
  address = {Budapest}
}
@ARTICLE{Zelinsky-Wibbe87,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1987,
  title = {The semantic treatment of determination in a multilingual machine
          translation system},
  journal = {Sprache und Datenverarbeitung},
  number = 2,
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zelinsky-Wibbe88,
  author = {C. Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Universal quantification in machine translation},
  booktitle = {COLING-88: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = 2,
  pages = {791-795},
  address = {Budapest, Hungary}
}
@ARTICLE{Zelinsky-Wibbe88a,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  editor = {Erich Steiner and Paul Schmidt and Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {The transfer of quantifiers in a multilingual Machine Translation
          system},
  journal = {From syntax to semantics},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@ARTICLE{Zelinsky-Wibbe88b,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  editor = {Erich Steiner and Paul Schmidt and Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {From cognitive grammar to the generation of semantic interpretation
          in Machine Translation},
  journal = {From syntax to semantics},
  publisher = {Pinter Publishers},
  address = {London},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zelinsky-Wibbe88c,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1988,
  title = {Universal quantification in Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of COLING 1988},
  note = {conference presentation},
  keywords = {saarbr{\"u}cken}
}
@ARTICLE{Zelinsky-Wibbe91,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1991,
  title = {Token Reference vs. Type Reference: Implications for Machine
          Translation},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 6,
  number = 3,
  pages = {183-192}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{Zelinsky-Wibbe92,
  author = {Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt},
  year = 1992,
  title = {Exploiting Linguistic Iconism for Article Selection in Machine
          Translation},
  booktitle = {COLING 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
              Computational Linguistics},
  volume = {II},
  pages = {792-798},
  publisher = {International Committee on Computational Linguistics},
  address = {Nantes, France}
}
@ARTICLE{Zernik90,
  author = {Uri Zernik},
  year = 1990,
  title = {Lexical Acquisition: Where is the Semantics?},
  journal = {Machine Translation},
  volume = 5,
  number = 2,
  pages = {155-174}
}